ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2021
Risk Factors of Cholera Transmission in Al Hudaydah, Yemen: Case-Control Study.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Associations of water quality with cholera in case-control studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Cholera outbreak and associated risk factors in Dollo Ado district, Ethiopia: un-matched case-control study, 2023.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Article
- Cholera outbreaks: Public health implications, economic burden, and preventive strategies.AIMS public health · 2025Review
- Cholera Outbreaks in Low- and Middle-Income Countries in the Last Decade: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Cholera resurgence in Africa: assessing progress, challenges, and public health response towards the 2030 global elimination target.Le infezioni in medicina · 2024Review
- Yemen Advanced Field Epidemiology Training Program: An Impact Evaluation, 2021.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Chronic Cholera Situation in Africa: Why Are African Countries Unable to Tame the Well-Known Lion?Health services insights · 2023Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundYemen has recently faced the largest cholera outbreak in the world, which started at the end of 2016. By the end of 2017, the cumulative reported cases from all governorates reached 777,229 with 2134 deaths. Al Hudaydah was one of the most strongly affected areas, with 88,741 (18%) cases and 244 (12%) deaths reported.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with cholera transmission in Al Hudaydah city, Yemen.
methodsFrom December 1, 2017 to January 10, 2018, a total of 104 patients with cholera (57 women and 47 men) who presented at cholera treatment centers in Al Hudaydah city with three or more watery stools in a 24-hour period and with moderate or severe dehydration were identified for inclusion in this study. Each case was matched by age and gender with two controls who were living in the neighboring house. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect data on behavioral and environmental risk factors such as drinking water from public wells, storing water in containers, consumption of unwashed vegetables or fruits, and sharing a toilet.
resultsThe median age of the cases and controls was 20 years (range 5-80) and 23 years (range 5-85), respectively. Only 6% of cases and 4% of controls were employed. Multivariate analysis showed that eating unwashed vegetables or fruits (odds ratio [OR] 7.0, 95% CI 1.6-30.6, P=.01), storing water in containers (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.3-7.3, P=.01), drinking water from a public well (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1-5.7, P=.02), and using a public toilet (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.1-24.4, P=.04) were significantly associated with cholera infection risk.
conclusionsThe cholera transmission risk factors in Al Hudaydah city were related to water and sanitation hygiene. Therefore, increasing awareness of the population on the importance of water chlorination, and washing fruits and vegetables through a health education campaign is strongly recommended.
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