ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2022
Cost-Effectiveness of a Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring System Versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in People with Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Therapy in the UK.
Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cost-effectiveness analysis comparing real-time continuous glucose monitoring with self-monitoring of blood glucose for patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin in Japan.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Nanostructured electrode materials and flexible-substrate engineering for wearable multi-analyte biosensors in diabetes monitoring and personalized care: a comprehensive review.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2026Review
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of Dexcom ONE+ real-time continuous glucose monitoring versus self-monitoring of blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes in Aotearoa New Zealand.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Integrating Pharmacists into CGM-Enabled Digital Diabetes Care: Advancing Personalized and Data-Driven Management.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in the Treatment of Patients with Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes in Australia.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring in Chinese adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes: A modelling study stratified by baseline HbADiabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Expert Opinion Statement on Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes in the Arab Gulf Region.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- The cost-effectiveness of real-time continuous glucose monitoring versus intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring in individuals with insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Canada.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2025Article
- Time in range-A new gold standard in type 2 diabetes research?Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Practical Approaches to Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Primary Care: A UK-Based Consensus Opinion.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Advances in Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Clinical Applications.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Review
- Initiating continuous glucose monitoring is associated with improvements in glycemic control and reduced health care resource utilization for people with diabetes in a large US-insured population: A real-world evidence study.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2025Observational
- Digital continuous glucose monitoring systems for patients with HIV-diabetes comorbidity in Ethiopia: a situational analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Impact of continuous glucose monitoring on emergency department visits and all-cause hospitalization rates among Medicaid beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin or basal insulin therapy.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2024Article
- Review
- A call to action in improving access to diabetes care in lower- and middle-income countries.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Continuous glucose monitoring for the routine care of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Continuous Glucose Monitor: Reclaiming Type 2 Diabetes Self-efficacy and Mitigating Disparities.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Reduction in Diabetes-Related Hospitalizations and Medical Costs After Dexcom G6 Continuous Glucose Monitor Initiation in People with Type 2 Diabetes Using Intensive Insulin Therapy.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionReal-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) involves the measurement and display of glucose concentrations, potentially improving glucose control among insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present analysis aimed to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of rt-CGM versus self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) based on a USA retrospective cohort study in insulin-treated people with T2D adapted to the UK.
methodsLong-term costs and clinical outcomes were estimated using the CORE Diabetes Model, with clinical input data sourced from a retrospective cohort study. Patients were assumed to have a baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 8.3%. Patients using rt-CGM were assumed to have a 0.56% reduction in HbA1c based on the mean difference between groups after 12 months of follow-up. Reduced fingerstick testing when using rt-CGM was associated with a quality of life (QoL) benefit. The analysis was performed over a lifetime time horizon from a National Health Service (NHS) perspective, including only direct costs from published data. Future costs and clinical outcomes were discounted at 3.5% per annum. Extensive sensitivity analyses were performed.
resultsProjections showed that rt-CGM was associated with increased quality-adjusted life expectancy of 0.731 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and increased mean total lifetime costs of Great British pounds (GBP) 2694, and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of GBP 3684 per QALY compared with SMBG. Key drivers of outcomes included HbA1c reduction and reduced fingerstick testing QoL benefit.
conclusionsOver patient lifetimes, rt-CGM was associated with improved clinical outcomes and is highly likely to be cost effective versus SMBG in people with T2D on insulin therapy in the UK.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.