ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2023
Global epidemiology of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC: trends, projections and risk factors.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 298 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
298 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 486 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical outcomes of early versus standard liver transplantation in patients with alcohol-related liver disease: a meta-analysis.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2026Pooled it
- AGA Clinical Practice Update on Risk Stratification and Emerging Surveillance Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Expert Review.Gastroenterology · 2026Guideline
- Recent Advancements in Known and Emerging Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The efficacy of resveratrol in the treatment of liver fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Contingency management to promote treatment engagement in comorbid alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related liver disease: Findings from a pilot randomized controlled trial.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Trial
- Prophylactic Effects of Dietary Patterns and Indexes, Nutrition and Lifestyle on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- AKR1B10 as a serum marker for diagnosis and postoperative monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Changing epidemiology and etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Europe: implications for clinical practice and health policy.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Review
- Vildagliptin attenuates the development of CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis: associations with gut-liver axis modulation and LPS/notch-related signaling.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- pH-responsive R848-loaded Cu MOF NPs potentiate anti-tumor immunity via synergistic photothermal therapy and immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- TRAIP Mediates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury through Regulating β-catenin Ubiquitin Degradation via Direct Interaction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Changing Patterns of Digestive Disease Mortality in Older Adults in Poland, 2000-2022: Age- and Sex-Specific Trends in Liver Disease Mortality.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Genetic and genomic insights across the steatotic liver disease spectrum.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Review
- Steatotic liver disease in Latin America: current views and perspectives.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Global epidemiology of metabolic and alcohol-associated liver disease: risk factors, natural history and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Article
- Astragaloside IV and rapamycin co-loaded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome nanocarriers for targeted modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Article
- ZDHHC17-mediated IKKβ palmitoylation suppresses NF-κB signaling to mitigate the progression of liver fibrosis.iScience · 2026Article
- Sparse CCA-based mediation analysis with high-dimensional exposures and mediators.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
238 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Heavy alcohol consumption is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Globally, alcohol per-capita consumption rose from 5.5 litres in 2005 to 6.4 litres in 2016 and is projected to increase further to 7.6 litres in 2030. In 2019, an estimated 25% of global cirrhosis deaths were associated with alcohol. The global estimated age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of alcohol-associated cirrhosis was 4.5 per 100,000 population, with the highest and lowest ASDR in Africa and the Western Pacific, respectively. The annual incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis ranged from 0.9% to 5.6%. Alcohol was associated with approximately one-fifth of global HCC-related deaths in 2019. Between 2012 and 2017, the global estimated ASDR for alcohol-associated cirrhosis declined, but the ASDR for alcohol-associated liver cancer increased. Measures are required to curb heavy alcohol consumption to reduce the burden of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC. Degree of alcohol intake, sex, older age, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gut microbial dysbiosis and genetic variants are key factors in the development of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC. In this Review, we discuss the global epidemiology, projections and risk factors for alcohol-associated cirrhosis and HCC.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.