Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36256808›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022

Marine viral particles reveal an expansive repertoire of phage-parasitizing mobile elements.

John M Eppley, Steven J Biller, Elaine Luo, Andrew Burger, Edward F DeLong

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  10. The ecology and evolution of microbial immune systems: a look on the wild vibrio side.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Genetics, ecology and evolution of phage satellites.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

John M EppleyDaniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.ORCID 0000-0001-5334-1704
Steven J BillerDepartment of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481.ORCID 0000-0002-2638-823X
Elaine LuoDaniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.
Andrew BurgerDaniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.
Edward F DeLongDaniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.ORCID 0000-0002-3088-4965
University of Hawaii System · USWellesley College · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Phage satellites are mobile genetic elements that propagate by parasitizing bacteriophage replication. We report here the discovery of abundant and diverse phage satellites that were packaged as concatemeric repeats within naturally occurring bacteriophage particles in seawater. These same phage-parasitizing mobile elements were found integrated in the genomes of dominant co-occurring bacterioplankton species. Like known phage satellites, many marine phage satellites encoded genes for integration, DNA replication, phage interference, and capsid assembly. Many also contained distinctive gene suites indicative of unique virus hijacking, phage immunity, and mobilization mechanisms. Marine phage satellite sequences were widespread in local and global oceanic virioplankton populations, reflecting their ubiquity, abundance, and temporal persistence in marine planktonic communities worldwide. Their gene content and putative life cycles suggest they may impact host-cell phage immunity and defense, lateral gene transfer, bacteriophage-induced cell mortality and cellular host and virus productivity. Given that marine phage satellites cannot be distinguished from bona fide viral particles via commonly used microscopic techniques, their predicted numbers (∼3.2 × 10

Indexed as

BacteriophagesVirusesGenome, ViralOceans and SeasSeawaterVirionbacteriophagelateral gene transfermarine virusmobile elementsphage satellites

Identifiers

PMID36256808
PMCPMC9618062
OpenAlexW4306751335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.