ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2022
Post-acute health care burden after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of long COVID on physical and cardiorespiratory parameters: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Predictors of Long COVID-19 Syndrome and Hospital Admissions Among COVID-19-Diagnosed Adult Patients Who Self-Isolated at Home in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.Nursing research and practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Development and internal validation of a prediction model for post-COVID-19 condition 2 years after infection-results of the CORFU study.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2025Article
- Healthcare resource use and costs among patients with COVID-19 in the United States.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Discordance between physical and cognitive health problems over one year after critical care: Insights from severe COVID-19 patients.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Article
- Investigating use of diagnostic codes for post-COVID- 19 condition in Ontario health administrative data.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Population-Based Matched Cohort Study of COVID-19 Healthcare Costs, Ontario, Canada.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Self-reported Health Service Utilization and Barriers to Care Among US Adults with a History of Post COVID-19 Condition.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Healthcare Resource Utilization (HCRU) and Direct Medical Costs Associated with Long COVID or Post-COVID-19 Conditions: Findings from a Literature Review.Journal of market access & health policy · 2025Review
- Comparison of long-term healthcare use among older adults with disabilities following hospitalization for COVID-19, sepsis, or influenza: a population-based cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Barriers and facilitators of healthcare access for long COVID-19 patients in a universal healthcare system: qualitative evidence from Austria.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Post-COVID-19 condition symptoms among emergency department patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Capturing Home Care Information Management and Communication Processes Among Caregivers of Older Adults: Qualitative Study to Inform Technology Design.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Population Trends of New Prescriptions for Antihyperglycemics and Antihypertensives Between 2014 and 2022.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Risk of Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Changes in Outpatient Health Care Use After COVID-19 Infection Among Veterans.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection and cognition in community-dwelling and nursing home residents in southern Switzerland.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe post-acute burden of health care use after SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. We sought to quantify the post-acute burden of health care use after SARS-CoV-2 infection among community-dwelling adults in Ontario by comparing those with positive and negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study involving community-dwelling adults in Ontario who had a PCR test between Jan. 1, 2020, and Mar. 31, 2021. Follow-up began 56 days after PCR testing. We matched people 1:1 on a comprehensive propensity score. We compared per-person-year rates for health care encounters at the mean and 99th percentiles, and compared counts using negative binomial models, stratified by sex.
resultsAmong 531 702 matched people, mean age was 44 (standard deviation [SD] 17) years and 51% were female. Females who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a mean of 1.98 (95% CI 1.63 to 2.29) more health care encounters overall per-person-year than those who had a negative test result, with 0.31 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.56) more home care encounters to 0.81 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) more long-term care days. At the 99th percentile per-person-year, females who tested positive had 6.48 more days of hospital admission and 28.37 more home care encounters. Males who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had 0.66 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.99) more overall health care encounters per-person-year than those who tested negative, with 0.14 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.21) more outpatient encounters and 0.48 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.60) long-term care days, and 0.43 (95% CI -0.67 to -0.21) fewer home care encounters. At the 99th percentile, they had 8.69 more days in hospital per-person-year, with fewer home care (-27.31) and outpatient (-0.87) encounters.
interpretationWe found significantly higher rates of health care use after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test in an analysis that matched test-positive with test-negative people. Stakeholders can use these findings to prepare for health care demand associated with post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID).
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