ArticleNeurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)2022
Pattern and etiology of early childhood epilepsy: An Experience at a tertiary care University Center.
Article in Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
objectivesTo investigate seizure characteristics, types, and define the etiology of epilepsy in children aged ≤2 years using the 2017 ILAE classification.
methodsA retrospective chart review was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for children below 2 years of age diagnosed with epilepsy, and on anti-seizure medications from January 2017 - December 2018. The collected data involved detailed information on the patients' seizure, electroclinical, neuroimaging, laboratory evaluations, and underlying etiology.
resultsOne- hundred and fifty patients were included in the study and classified according to etiology into: genetic (43, 28.7%), structural (41, 27.3%), metabolic (10, 6.7%), infectious (8, 5.3%), immune-mediated (1, 0.7%) and unknown (47, 31.3%) groups. The most common seizure types were generalized epilepsy, among which generalized tonic-clonic seizures occurred in 56 (37%) patients, followed by tonic seizures in 31 (21%), infantile spasm in 19 (13%), myoclonic seizures in 4 (2.7%), atonic seizures in 6 (4%), and focal seizures in 33 (22%) patients. Global developmental delay and abnormalities in both neurologic exam and neuroimaging were more common in the structural and genetic groups. Electroencephalography was abnormal in 82 (55%) patients, including the majority of the structural group (26, 63.4%).
conclusionThe etiology of epilepsy in this cohort remains undetermined (unknown) in a large proportion of cases, followed by genetic and structural causes. This result added to the published international data about epilepsy in the first 2-years of life.
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