ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
Alternating regimes of shallow and deep-sea diversification explain a species-richness paradox in marine fishes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Physiology mediates transcontinental radiations of freshwater fishes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The convergent evolution of the pelvic suction cup: A unique key innovation in spiny-finned fishes.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genome-wide phylogeny reshapes our understanding of the evolution of deep-sea dragonfishes, bristlemouths, viperfishes, and allies (Stomiiformes).BMC ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Cranial modularity drives phenotypic diversification and adaptive radiation of Antarctic icefishes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Geologic history explains freshwater fish species richness across the conterminous USA.Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology · 2025Article
- Bathymetric distribution of parasitic copepods: strategies for adaptation to the deep-sea environment.Parasitology · 2025Article
- Backward swimming in elongated-bodied abyssal demersal fishes: Synaphobranchidae, Macrouridae, and Ophidiidae.Journal of fish biology · 2025Article
- The many origins of extremophile fishes.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Reduced evolutionary constraint accompanies ongoing radiation in deep-sea anglerfishes.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Bioluminescence and repeated deep-sea colonization shaped the diversification and body size evolution of squaliform sharks.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Investigating the Impact of Whole-Genome Duplication on Transposable Element Evolution in Teleost Fishes.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Biomechanical Specialization Acts as an Asymmetrical Constraint on the Phenotype.Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- The Palaeozoic assembly of the holocephalan body plan far preceded post-Cretaceous radiations into the ocean depths.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- The origins and drivers of sexual size dimorphism in sharks.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- The earliest evidence of deep-sea vertebrates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Historical biogeography supports Point Conception as the site of turnover between temperate East Pacific ichthyofaunas.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
- The global depth range of marine fishes and their genetic coverage for environmental DNA metabarcoding.Ecology and evolution · 2023Review
- Alternating regimes of shallow and deep-sea diversification explain a species-richness paradox in marine fishes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
The deep sea contains a surprising diversity of life, including iconic fish groups such as anglerfishes and lanternfishes. Still, >65% of marine teleost fish species are restricted to the photic zone <200 m, which comprises less than 10% of the ocean's total volume. From a macroevolutionary perspective, this paradox may be explained by three hypotheses: 1) shallow water lineages have had more time to diversify than deep-sea lineages, 2) shallow water lineages have faster rates of speciation than deep-sea lineages, or 3) shallow-to-deep sea transition rates limit deep-sea richness. Here we use phylogenetic comparative methods to test among these three non-mutually exclusive hypotheses. While we found support for all hypotheses, the disparity in species richness is better described as the uneven outcome of alternating phases that favored shallow or deep diversification over the past 200 million y. Shallow marine teleosts became incredibly diverse 100 million y ago during a period of warm temperatures and high sea level, suggesting the importance of reefs and epicontinental settings. Conversely, deep-sea colonization and speciation was favored during brief episodes when cooling temperatures increased the efficiency of the ocean's carbon pump. Finally, time-variable ecological filters limited shallow-to-deep colonization for much of teleost history, which helped maintain higher shallow richness. A pelagic lifestyle and large jaws were associated with early deep-sea colonists, while a demersal lifestyle and a tapered body plan were typical of later colonists. Therefore, we also suggest that some hallmark characteristics of deep-sea fishes evolved prior to colonizing the deep sea.
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