ArticleThe Laryngoscope2023
Validity of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in Children.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic performance of adult-based ultrasound risk stratification systems in pediatric thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Diagnostic efficiency among Eu-/C-/ACR-TIRADS and S-Detect for thyroid nodules: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Mapping the Evolution of Thyroid Ultrasound Research: A 30-year Bibliometric AnalysisCurrent medical imaging · 2025Review
- Evaluation and application of American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for improved malignancy detection in paediatric thyroid nodules.Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the validity of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) for evaluating thyroid nodules in children.
methodsPatients aged <19 years with thyroid nodule(s) evaluated by ultrasound (US) from 2007-2018 at a tertiary children's hospital were included. Two radiologists scored de-identified thyroid US images using ACR TI-RADS (from 1, "benign" to 5, "highly suspicious"). The radiologists recorded size and rated vascularity for each nodule. Ultrasound findings were compared to pathology results (operative cases, n = 91) and clinical follow-up without disease progression (non-operative cases, n = 15).
resultsThyroid images from 115 patients were reviewed. Nine patients were excluded due to the absence of an evaluable nodule. Forty-seven benign and 59 malignant nodules were included. Median age at ultrasound was 15 years (range 0.9-18 years). Twenty (18.9%) patients were male. There was moderate agreement between TI-RADS levels assigned by the two raters (kappa = 0.57, p < 0.001). When the raters' levels were averaged, >3 as the threshold for malignancy correctly categorized the greatest percentage of nodules (68.9%). Eleven (18.6%) malignant nodules received a TI-RADS level of 2 (n = 3) or 3 (n = 8). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 81.4%, 53.2%, 68.6%, and 69.4%, respectively. Although not part of TI-RADS, vascularity was similar between benign and malignant nodules (p = 0.56).
conclusionIn a pediatric population, TI-RADS can help distinguish between benign and malignant nodules with comparable sensitivity and specificity to adults. However, the positive and negative predictive values suggest TI-RADS alone cannot eliminate the need for FNA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 133:2394-2401, 2023.
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