ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Type 2 autoimmune hepatitis: Genetic susceptibility.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 in Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Mechanisms, Epigenetic Regulation, and Translational Implications.Clinical and translational science · 2026Review
- Genetic Variants in Liver Cirrhosis: Classifications, Mechanisms, and Implications for Clinical Practice.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Staining patterns of autoantibodies in indirect immunofluorescence for autoimmune diseases of the digestive system: morphological characteristics and clinical significance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From immunosuppression to immune reprogramming: is triptolide a potential "immune reset" agent in autoimmune diseases?Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Left-Sided Diaphragmatic Hernia Following Pediatric Liver Transplantation: First Reported Case From the Middle East.Cureus · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Hepatitis Associated with Other Autoimmune Diseases: A Critical Review.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Autoimmune hepatitis: Towards a personalized treatment.World journal of hepatology · 2024Review
- Article
- B cell depletion for autoimmune liver diseases: A retrospective review of indications and outcomes.JPGN reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis among children with autoimmune hepatitis.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Autoimmune liver disease and multiple sclerosis: state of the art and future perspectives.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- CD4+ T-cell subsets in autoimmune hepatitis: A review.Hepatology communications · 2023Review
- Juvenile Autoimmune Hepatitis: Recent Advances in Diagnosis, Management and Long-Term Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- HLA inherence as a potential parameter in checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmune adverse event assessment.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- HLA and Non-HLA gene polymorphisms in autoimmune hepatitis patients of North Indian adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Two types of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are recognized; AIH-1 is characterized by the presence of anti-nuclear and/or anti-smooth muscle autoantibodies, while AIH-2 is associated with the presence of anti-Liver kidney microsome and/or anti-Liver Cytosol antibodies. The autoantigens targeted by AIH-2 autoantibodies are the cytochrome P450 2D6 and Formiminotransferase-cyclodeaminase for anti-LKM1 and anti-LC1 respectively. Both autoantigens are expressed in hepatocytes at higher levels than in any other cell type. Therefore, compared to AIH-1, the autoantigens targeted in AIH-2 are predominantly tissue-specific. Distinct clinical features are specific to AIH-2 compared to AIH-1, including diagnosis in younger patients (mean age 6.6 years), onset as fulminant hepatitis in very young patients (3 years of age or less), higher frequency in children than in adults and is frequently associated with extrahepatic T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. AIH-2 is also often diagnosed in patients with primary immunodeficiency. AIH-2 is associated with specific HLA class II susceptibility alleles; DQB1*0201 is considered the main determinant of susceptibility while DRB1*07/DRB1*03 is associated with the type of autoantibody present. HLA DQB1*0201 is in strong linkage disequilibrium with both HLA DRB1*03 and DRB1*07. Interestingly, as in humans, MHC and non-MHC genes strongly influence the development of the disease in an animal model of AIH-2. Altogether, these findings suggest that AIH-2 incidence is likely dependent on specific genetic susceptibility factors combined with distinct environmental triggers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.