ArticleMovement disorders clinical practice2022
Measurement Properties of Clinical Scales Rating the Severity of Blepharospasm: A Multicenter Observational Study.
Article in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Exploratory, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial of Dipraglurant for Blepharospasm.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024Trial
- A scoping review about the efficacy of clonazepam for the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Development of a Patient-Centered Outcome Tool for Blepharospasm: A Stepwise Modified Delphi Study.Toxins · 2025Article
- An Empirical Comparison of Commonly Used Universal Rating Scales for Dystonia.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Article
- Health-related quality of life of daily-life-affected benign essential blepharospasm: Multi-center observational study.PloS one · 2023Observational
- Decreased levels of interleukin-6 level in tears and clinical changes in subjects with moderate-to-severe infection corneal ulcers treated with platelet-rich fibrin lysate eye drops.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyArticle
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 15 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Several scales have been proposed to clinically evaluate the Motor Severity of Blepharospasm (BSP) but information about their measurement properties as a multicenter instrument is limited. Objective: To compare the measurement properties of four clinical scales in rating the severity of BSP in a large sample of patients from multiple sites. Methods: The Burke-Fahn-Marsden Scale (BFMS), the Global Dystonia Severity Rating Scale (GDRS), the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS), and the Blepharospasm Severity Rating Scale (BSRS) were administered to 211 patients across 10 sites who were also requested to self-complete the Blepharospasm Disability Index (BDI). Measurement properties to be assessed included inter-/intra-observer agreement, item-to-total correlation, internal consistency, floor and ceiling effect, convergent/discriminant validity, and adherence to the distribution of BDI. Results: The BFMS had unsatisfactory measurement properties, the GDRS had acceptable reliability but other properties could not be completely testable; the JRS had satisfactory measurement properties but the scale did not accurately reflect the distribution of disability parameter (BDI) in the sample, and the BSRS had satisfactory measurement properties and also showed the best adherence to the distribution of BDI in the assessed sample. Conclusion: The comparison of the measurement properties of four rating scales to assess the motor state of the BSP in a large sample of patients from multiple sites showed that the GDRS should be used to simultaneously assess BSP and dystonia in other body parts, while the JRS (easier to use) and BSRS (better to discriminate severity) should be used to assess BSP alone.
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