SynthesisFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2022
Definitions of low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery and their effect on the incidence of intraoperative LCOS: A literature review and cohort study.
Synthesis in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Levosimendan vs. Milrinone in cardiac surgery: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The organ-protective effects of nitric oxide in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- The beneficial use of nitric oxide during cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative outcomes in children and adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2897 patients.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Intraoperative monitoring of myocardial oxygenation during open-heart surgery: feasibility and initial performance.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Safety of Operating Room Extubation After Minimally Invasive Cardiac Valve Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Risk Factors for low Cardiac Output Syndrome in Children less than 6 years old Undergoing Ventricular Septal Defect Closure: a Retrospective Cohort Study.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Cerebral hemodynamic changes in neonates with different types of patent ductus arteriosus: a study using transcranial Doppler ultrasound.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Timing matters: association of persistent postoperative anemia with adverse outcomes in cardiac surgery.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Minimally invasive off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with reduced postoperative intra-aortic balloon pump use.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Central Venous Pressure, Cardiac Index, and Renal Function in Pediatric Heart Failure: a Pediatric Heart Transplant Society Study.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Totally endoscopic port access for rheumatic mitral valve replacement: Clinical outcomes and a single surgeon's learning curve experience.JTCVS techniques · 2026Article
- Cytokine profile of Post-cardiopulmonary bypass in children.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB): Pathophysiological Mechanisms Related to Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Intraoperative global longitudinal strain and strain rate as predictors of unfavorable outcome following on-pump mitral surgery: a prospective observational study.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2025Article
- Trends and Challenges in Noninvasive Hemodynamic Monitoring of Neonates Following Cardiac Surgery: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Supervised Machine Learning Models Predicting Postoperative Low Cardiac Output Syndrome In Neonates.Critical care explorations · 2025Observational
- Perioperative Changes in Renal Resistive Index as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Risk factors analysis and prediction model construction of low cardiac output syndrome after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for cardiovascular surgery.Medical gas research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a serious complication after cardiac surgery. Despite scientific interest in LCOS, there is no uniform definition used in current research and clinicians cannot properly compare different study findings. We aimed to collect the LCOS definitions used in literature and subsequently applied the definitions obtained to existing data to estimate their effect on the intraoperative LCOS incidences in adults, children and infants. Design: This is a literature review, followed by a retrospective cohort study. Setting: This is a single-institutional study from a university hospital in the Netherlands. Participants: Patients from all ages undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between June 2011 and August 2018. Interventions: We obtained different definitions of LCOS used in the literature and applied these to data obtained from an anesthesia information management system to estimate intraoperative incidences of LCOS. We compared intraoperative incidences of LCOS in different populations based on age (infants, children and adults). Measurements and main results: The literature search identified 262 LCOS definitions, that were applied to intraoperative data from 7,366 patients. Using the 10 most frequently published LCOS definitions, the obtained incidence estimates ranged from 0.4 to 82% in infants, from 0.6 to 56% in children and from 1.5 to 91% in adults. Conclusion: There is an important variety in definitions used to describe LCOS. When applied to data obtained from clinical care, these different definitions resulted in large distribution of intraoperative LCOS incidence rates. We therefore advocate for standardization of the LCOS definition to improve clinical understanding and enable adequate comparison of outcomes and treatment effects both in daily care and in research.
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Registered trials
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