ArticleOphthalmology science2021
Combinations of Pilocarpine and Oxymetazoline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Presbyopia: Two Randomized Phase 2 Studies.
Article in Ophthalmology science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of pilocarpine for the treatment of presbyopia: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Combination Low-Dose Pilocarpine/Diclofenac Sodium and Pilocarpine Alone for Presbyopia: Results of a Randomized Phase 2b Clinical Trial.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Trial
- Safety and Efficacy of AGN-190584 in Individuals With Presbyopia: The GEMINI 1 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Evaluating Pilocarpine 1% Eye Drops in Presbyopia: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Trial.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Treatment of Presbyopia Using Pilocarpine 1.25% Eye Drops.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2024Article
- Pilocarpine in the Treatment of Presbyopia: Progress, Issues, and Future Prospects.Drugs & aging · 2024Review
- Case report: Topical pilocarpine ameliorated the accommodation loss and pupillary dilation after micropulse transscleral laser treatment.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Perception and awareness of the public about presbyopia and its corrective approaches in Saudi Arabia: a population-based survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Effects of Miosis on the Visual Acuity Space under Varying Conditions of Contrast and Ambient Luminance in Presbyopia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Correction of presbyopia using 0.5% pilocarpine eye drops among Indians.Bioinformation · 2024Article
- Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Eye-Drops as Treatment for Myasthenia Gravis-Related Ptosis: A Description of Two Cases.Cureus · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Topical Pilocarpine 1.25% in Presbyopia Treatment.Journal of current ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of combinations of pilocarpine (Pilo) and oxymetazoline (Oxy) ocular drops dosed once daily and identify the optimal concentration of each for the pharmacologic treatment of presbyopia. Design: Two concurrent Phase 2, multicenter, double-masked, randomized, vehicle-controlled studies, 1 short-term and 1 extended study. Participants: Emmetropic individuals affected by presbyopia and in good general health. Methods: Uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) was measured throughout both studies with various concentrations and combinations of Pilo (0%, 0.5% 1.0%, and 1.5%) and Oxy (0%, 0.0125%, 0.05%, and 0.125%). For safety, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was measured, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were recorded, and a temporal/supraorbital headache assessment was completed. Main Outcome Measures: The primary efficacy end point was mean change from baseline in UNVA. Results: In the short-term study, Pilo was shown to produce a significant dose response in the average increase of letters ( Conclusions: On the basis of the results of the 2 Phase 2 studies, AGN-190584, a reading drop containing an optimized concentration of pilocarpine HCl (1.25%) delivered using a proprietary formulation, was developed and is currently under investigation in Phase 3 studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.