ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2022
Plant NLRs: Evolving with pathogen effectors and engineerable to improve resistance.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Distinct Evolutionary Constraints Shape TNL and CNL Immune Receptors in Wild and Cultivated Tomato.Biology · 2026Article
- Precision Editing of NLRS Improves Effector Recognition for Enhanced Disease Resistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Article
- APlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pattern Recognition by NOD-Like Receptors.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Recent advances in innovative strategies for plant disease resistance breeding.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- A landscape of resistance gene analogs in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.).BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Diversity of the RyBMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Development of an NLR-ID Toolkit and Identification of Novel Disease-Resistance Genes in Soybean.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Structural mechanism of heavy metal-associated integrated domain engineering of paired nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins in rice.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathogens are important threats to many plants throughout their lifetimes. Plants have developed different strategies to overcome them. In the plant immunity system, nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins (NLRs) are the most common components. And recent studies have greatly expanded our understanding of how NLRs function in plants. In this review, we summarize the studies on the mechanism of NLRs in the processes of effector recognition, resistosome formation, and defense activation. Typical NLRs are divided into three groups according to the different domains at their N termini and function in interrelated ways in immunity. Atypical NLRs contain additional integrated domains (IDs), some of which directly interact with pathogen effectors. Plant NLRs evolve with pathogen effectors and exhibit specific recognition. Meanwhile, some NLRs have been successfully engineered to confer resistance to new pathogens based on accumulated studies. In summary, some pioneering processes have been obtained in NLR researches, though more questions arise as a result of the huge number of NLRs. However, with a broadened understanding of the mechanism, NLRs will be important components for engineering in plant resistance improvement.
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Registered trials
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