SynthesisFrontiers in pediatrics2022
The relationship between diabetes mellitus and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic Dysregulation in ADHD: Implications for Appetite, Sleep, Stress Reactivity, and Pharmacological Treatment.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Adult ADHD Symptoms in Syrian War Refugees with Long-Term Health Conditions: A Screening Cross-Sectional Analysis from Jordan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mediating role of alcohol dependence in the associations between adult ADHD symptoms and a wide range of physical comorbidities.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Health inequalities among people with disabilities: an umbrella review and evidence synthesis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Review
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults: evidence base, uncertainties and controversies.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Are Common and Associated with Worse Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Comorbidity of Type 1 Diabetes and ADHD: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in Males and Females From the Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry.Pediatric diabetes · 2025Article
- The effect of insulin on the central nervous system: insights into neurological complications and management of type 1 diabetes in the pediatric population.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2025Review
- Prevalence of somatic diseases in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Japan is highest in people aged ≥40 years with mental disorders: a cross-sectional study of a Japanese health insurance claims database.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Psychological Alterations in Youths with Type I Diabetes: Associations with Salivary Cortisol Concentration.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Article
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Misdiagnosis: Why Medical Evaluation Should Be a Part of ADHD Assessment.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- From attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder to sporadic Alzheimer's disease-Wnt/mTOR pathways hypothesis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study aims to investigate the prevalence estimate of diabetes mellitus (DM) among people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as the prevalence of ADHD among those with DM. In addition, the impact of ADHD on glycemic control in patients with DM was also assessed using a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available published data. Materials and methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases were searched for potential studies. Two reviewers independently selected studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All pooled analyses were conducted using the random-effects models on Review Manager 5.3. Results: Seventeen observational studies were included. The pooled results showed an increase in the prevalence of DM among patients with ADHD versus those without ADHD [type 1 DM OR: 1.37 (95% CI: 1.17-1.61); type 2 DM OR: 2.05 (95% CI: 1.37-3.07)]. There was an overall 35% increase in the prevalence of ADHD among patients with type 1 DM [OR: 1.35 (95% CI: 1.08-1.73)]. Children with type 1 DM and ADHD had higher levels of hemoglobin A1c [standardized mean of differences: 0.67 (95% CI: 0.48-0.86)], and prevalence of hypoglycemic and ketoacidosis index compared with those without ADHD. Conclusion: Our study revealed the bidirectional associations between ADHD and DM. Patients with ADHD and type 1 DM comorbidities were more likely to have poorer diabetes control. More studies are needed to confirm this association and elucidate the underlying mechanism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.