ArticleNeurology2022
Long-term Effectiveness and Safety of Rituximab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and MOG Antibody Disease.
Article in Neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07010302 (A Comparative Clinical Effectiveness Trial of Rituximab Versus Ravulizumab, Inebilizumab, Satralizumab and Eculizumab To Prevent Relapses in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Comparative Clinical Effectiveness Trial of Rituximab Versus Ravulizumab, Inebilizumab, Satralizumab and Eculizumab To Prevent Relapses in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Consensus Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD): The MENACTRIMS Guidelines.CNS drugs · 2026Guideline
- A narrative review of the economic burden of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease and analogous conditions.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Obinutuzumab β for aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a phase 3 randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Safety and efficacy of ravulizumab in patients with NMOSD previously treated with rituximab: A post hoc analysis of the CHAMPION-NMOSD trial.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Trial
- Clinical phenotype and treatment response in AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD and MOGAD: insights from the Italian I-MS&RD registry.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Combined rituximab and magnesium acetyl taurate therapy attenuates neurodegeneration via ERK/c-JNK/P38MAPK signaling modulation in methylmercury-induced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like neurotoxicity.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Optimizing the Use of Anti-CD20 Agents in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Central Nervous System Disorders: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Safety and Effectiveness of Inebilizumab in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Interim Analysis of a Post-marketing Surveillance in Japan.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Case Report: Aquaporin-4-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Diagnostic Challenges and Transition From B-Cell Depletion Therapy to Ravulizumab.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Interleukin 6 Receptor Blockade for Relapse Prevention in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- Translating B-Cell and Plasma-Cell Targeting from Oncology to Autoimmunity: Modalities, Quantitative Bridging, and a Development Roadmap.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Real-World Multicenter Cohort Study of Inebilizumab vs Low-Dose Rituximab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Prognostic Biomarker Signature of Relapse in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in the CIRCLES Observational Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Optimizing Rituximab Maintenance Therapy: Outcomes of Extended-Interval Dosing in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2026Article
- Serum and CSF cytokine profile impact clinical phenotype in pediatric MOGAD.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Disease-Modifying Treatments.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Age, Low Immunoglobulin G, and M Serum Levels Predict Infections in People With AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD Treated With Rituximab-A Multicenter Cohort Study From the German Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS).European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Novel B-Cell targeting therapy with subcutaneous ofatumumab in AQP4-IgG-seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: efficacy and personalized dosing.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Subsequent treatment strategies following rituximab-resistance in AQP4-IgG+ neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a case series.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesRituximab is used widely for relapse prevention in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD); however, data regarding the effectiveness and safety of long-term rituximab use in these conditions are limited. In this study, we sought to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes in patients with aquaporin-4 IgG-seropositive (AQP4-IgG+) NMOSD and MOGAD treated with rituximab.
methodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD or MOGAD followed at the Johns Hopkins Neuromyelitis Optica Clinic and included patients who had received at least 1 dose of rituximab.
resultsWe identified 111 patients with NMOSD and 23 patients with MOGAD who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median duration of rituximab treatment for the patients with NMOSD was 3.7 years (range: 0.5-13.2 years) and for the patients with MOGAD was 2.1 years (range: 0.5-7.0 years). The annualized relapse rate (ARR) decreased after rituximab initiation in both NMOSD (median ARR: pretreatment 1.1, posttreatment 0; DISCUSSION: Rituximab treatment is associated with the reduced annualized relapse rate in AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD, especially in the absence of gaps in treatment and/or B-cell reconstitution. In MOGAD, although a reduction in relapses was observed after initiation of rituximab, this association appeared to be less robust than in AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD. Severe infections and hypogammaglobulinemia occurred in a significant proportion of patients, highlighting the need for close monitoring of infectious complications. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that rituximab decreases the annualized relapse rate in AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD and MOGAD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.