ArticleEuropean journal of endocrinology2022
11-Oxygenated androgens are not secreted by the human ovary: in-vivo data from four different cases of hyperandrogenism.
Article in European journal of endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproduction and fertility issues in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: pathophysiology, management, and recent clinical advances.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Review
- The central role of hyperandrogenism in driving metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: from pathophysiological mechanisms to targeted therapies.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Characterization of Steroid Metabolic Pathways in Established Human and Mouse Cell Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Landscape of Steroid Dynamics in Pregnancy: Insights From the Maternal-Placental-Fetal Unit and Placental Models.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2025Article
- Human Gonads Do Not Contribute to the Circulating Pool of 11-Oxygenated Androgens.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Interpretation of Steroid Biomarkers in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency and Their Use in Disease Management.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Androgen excess: a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Signaling pathways and targeted therapeutic strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Differentiation of an adrenal from an ovarian source of hyperandrogenemia can be challenging. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids to the androgen pool in humans. The aim of this study was to confirm the origin of 11-oxygenated androgens in females and to explore their potential use in the diagnostics of hyperandrogenic disorders. Methods: We measured testosterone and its precursors (dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and androstenedione) and 11-oxygenated androgens (11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11-OHA4) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)) in the periphery, adrenal and ovarian veins in four different cases of hyperandrogenism in females (polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and ovarian steroid cell tumor). Results: Two patients demonstrate excessive testosterone secretion in neoplastic ovarian tumors which was not paralleled by a significant secretion of 11-oxygenated androgens as determined by adrenal and ovarian vein sampling. In androgen-secreting bilateral adrenal macronodular hyperplasia, steroid profiles were characterized by elevated 11-KT and 11-OHA4 concentrations in adrenal veins and the periphery. In the patient with PCOS, peripheral 11-KT concentrations were slightly elevated in comparison to the other patients, but the 11-KT and 11-OHA4 concentrations were comparable in ovarian veins and in the periphery. Conclusion: This study confirms that 11-OHA4 and 11-KT are not biosynthesized by the ovary. We propose that the testosterone/11-KT ratio as well as 11-OHA4 could help identify predominant adrenal androgen excess and distinguish neoplastic and non-neoplastic ovarian androgen source. Significance statement: This study confirms that 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11-OHA4) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) are not biosynthesized by the human ovary. We propose that the testosterone/11-KT ratio as well as 11-OHA4 could help to identify predominant adrenal androgen excess and distinguish neoplastic and non-neoplastic ovarian androgen source.
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