ArticleDiscover oncology2022
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy vs physicians' choice standard-of-care treatment in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a post-approval registry study (EF-19).
Article in Discover oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective, Multi-center Trial of NovoTTF-100A Compared to Best Standard of Care in Patients With Progressive or Recurrent GBM
A Prospective, Multi-center Trial of NovoTTF-100A Together With Temozolomide Compared to Temozolomide Alone in Patients With Newly Diagnosed GBM.
A Prospective, Non-randomized, Concurrent Control, Open Label, Post-approval Study of NovoTTF-100A in Recurrent GBM Patient
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of tumor treating fields (TTF) combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy only in the treatment of glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Sacituzumab Govitecan in patients with breast cancer brain metastases and recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 0 window-of-opportunity trial.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Neuromodulation in Neuro-Oncology: A Scoping Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Post-recurrence management of malignant glial brain tumors: therapeutic strategies, evidence and limitations, palliative care, terminal sedation, and end-of-life considerations.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Application of 200 kHz Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) in Patients With Infratentorial High-Grade Glioma: Case Series.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2026Article
- Tumor Treating Fields: An Innovative Therapy for Glioblastoma and Other Solid Tumors.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology · 2025Article
- Association of tumor treating fields (TTFields) therapy with overall survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Recent advances in Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy for glioblastoma.The oncologist · 2025Review
- Optimized Methods to Quantify Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields)-Induced Permeabilization of Glioblastoma Cell Membranes.Methods and protocols · 2025Article
- Review
- Towards Effective Treatment of Glioblastoma: The Role of Combination Therapies and the Potential of Phytotherapy and Micotherapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Tumor treating fields increases blood-brain barrier permeability and relative cerebral blood volume in patients with glioblastoma.The neuroradiology journal · 2024Article
- Real-world experience with TTFields in glioma patients with emphasis on therapy usage.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Enhancing glioblastoma treatment through the integration of tumor-treating fields.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- The schemes, mechanisms and molecular pathway changes of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) alone or in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Cell death discovery · 2022Review
- Tumor treating fields: An emerging treatment modality for thoracic and abdominal cavity cancers.Translational oncology · 2022Review
- Tumor-Treating Fields for the treatment of glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuro-oncology practice · 2021Review
- Cs-131 Collagen Tile Brachytherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma: Treatment Outcomes and Toxicity.Practical radiation oncologyArticle
- An ambispective, observational real-world study of tumor-treating fields for treatment of Chinese patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent/progressive glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy, a noninvasive, anti-mitotic treatment modality, is approved for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) and newly diagnosed GBM based on phase III, EF-11 (NCT00379470) and EF-14 (NCT00916409) studies, respectively. The EF-19 study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of TTFields monotherapy (200 kHz) vs physicians' choice standard of care (PC-SOC; EF-11 historical control group) in rGBM.
methodsA prospective, post-marketing registry study of adults with supratentorial rGBM treated with TTFields therapy was conducted. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS; intent-to-treat [ITT] population) and secondary endpoint was OS per-protocol (PP). Subgroup and toxicity analyses were conducted.
resultsMedian OS (ITT population) was comparable with TTFields monotherapy vs PC-SOC (7.4 vs 6.4 months, log-rank test P = 0.053; Cox test hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI], 0.66 [0.47-0.92], P = 0.016). The upper-bound HR (95% CI) was lower than pre-defined noninferiority (1.375 threshold). In the PP population, median OS was significantly longer for TTFields monotherapy vs PC-SOC (8.1 vs 6.4 months; log-rank test P = 0.017; Cox test HR [95% CI], 0.60 [0.42-0.85], P = 0.004). TTFields therapy showed increased benefit with extended use (≥ 18 h/day [averaged over 28 days]). TTFields therapy-related adverse events (AEs) by body system were lower vs PC-SOC: mainly mild-to-moderate skin AEs.
conclusionIn the real-world setting, TTFields monotherapy showed comparable (ITT population) and superior (PP population) OS vs PC-SOC in rGBM. In line with previous results, TTFields therapy showed a favorable safety profile vs chemotherapy, without new safety signals/systemic effects.
trial registrationNCT01756729, registered December 20, 2012.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.