Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36238244›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2022

Improving early childhood development in the context of the nurturing care framework in Kenya: A policy review and qualitative exploration of emerging issues with policy makers.

Mary Abboah-Offei, Patrick Amboka, Margaret Nampijja, George Evans Owino, Kenneth Okelo, Patricia Kitsao-Wekulo, Ivy Chumo, Ruth Muendo, Linda Oloo, Maryann Wanjau and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Mary Abboah-OffeiSchool of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, London, United Kingdom.
Patrick AmbokaAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Margaret NampijjaAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
George Evans OwinoAfrica Early Childhood Network, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kenneth OkeloAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Patricia Kitsao-WekuloAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Ivy ChumoAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Ruth MuendoAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Linda OlooAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Maryann WanjauCommunity Engagement Associate, UNICEF, Greater Houston, TX, United States.
Elizabeth MwanikiAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Maurice MutisyaAfrican Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Emma HaycraftSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
Robert HughesDepartment of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Paula GriffithsSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
Helen ElseyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.

Funding

Medical Research Council G0086101 0026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The Nurturing Care Framework (NCF) describes "nurturing care" as the ability of nations and communities to support caregivers and provide an environment that ensures children's good health and nutrition, protects them from threats, and provides opportunities for early learning through responsive and emotionally supportive interaction. We assessed the extent to which Kenyan government policies address the components of the NCF and explored policy/decision makers' views on policy gaps and emerging issues. Methods: A search strategy was formulated to identify policy documents focusing on early childhood development (ECD), health and nutrition, responsive caregiving, opportunities for early learning and security and safety, which are key components of the NCF. We limited the search to policy documents published since 2010 when the Kenya constitution was promulgated and ECD functions devolved to county governments. Policy/decision-maker interviews were also conducted to clarify emerging gaps from policy data. Data was extracted, coded and analyzed based on the components of the NCF. Framework analysis was used for interview data with NCF being the main framework of analysis. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient was used to assess similarities between the themes being compared to further understand the challenges, successes and future plans of policy and implementation under each of the NCF domains. Results: 127 policy documents were retrieved from government e-repository and county websites. Of these, Conclusion: Findings indicate a strong focus on nutrition and health with limited coverage of responsive caregiving and opportunities for early learning domains. Therefore, if nurturing care goals are to be achieved in Kenya, policies are needed to support current gaps identified with urgent need for policies of minimum standards that provide support for improvements across all Nurturing Care Framework domains.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentPolicyAdministrative PersonnelChildChild, PreschoolHumansKenyaLocal Governmentchildren under fiveearly childhood developmentKenyanurturing carenurturing care frameworkpolicy

Identifiers

PMID36238244
PMCPMC9551223

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.