Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36236583›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Automatic Modulation Recognition Based on the Optimized Linear Combination of Higher-Order Cumulants.

Asad Hussain, Sheraz Alam, Sajjad A Ghauri, Mubashir Ali, Husnain Raza Sherazi, Adnan Akhunzada, Iram Bibi, Abdullah Gani

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Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Asad HussainFaculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-5167-4553
Sheraz AlamFaculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-3498-475X
Sajjad A GhauriSchool of Engineering & Applied Sciences, ISRA University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-3687-6093
Mubashir AliDepartment of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2467-4045
Husnain Raza SheraziSchool of Computing and Engineering, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8152-4065
Adnan AkhunzadaCollege of Computing and Information Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha 24449, Qatar.
Iram BibiDepartment of Computer Science, Comsats University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
Abdullah GaniFaculty of Computing and Informatics, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4388-020X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Automatic modulation recognition (AMR) is used in various domains-from general-purpose communication to many military applications-thanks to the growing popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) and related communication technologies. In this research article, we propose an innovative idea of combining the classical mathematical technique of computing linear combinations (LCs) of cumulants with a genetic algorithm (GA) to create super-cumulants. These super-cumulants are further used to classify five digital modulation schemes on fading channels using the K-nearest neighbor (KNN). Our proposed classifier significantly improves the percentage recognition accuracy at lower SNRs when using smaller sample sizes. A comparison with existing techniques manifests the supremacy of our proposed classifier.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsCluster AnalysisMathematicsgenetic algorithmhigher-order cumulantsK-nearest neighbormodulation recognition

Identifiers

PMID36236583
PMCPMC9571176

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.