Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36236363›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022

An Efficient and Secure Energy Trading Approach with Machine Learning Technique and Consortium Blockchain.

Tehreem Ashfaq, Muhammad Irfan Khalid, Gauhar Ali, Mohammad El Affendi, Jawaid Iqbal, Saddam Hussain, Syed Sajid Ullah, Adamu Sani Yahaya, Rabiya Khalid, Abdul Mateen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.

Tehreem AshfaqDepartment of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Muhammad Irfan KhalidDepartment of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6643-6558
Gauhar AliEIAS Data Science and Blockchain Lab, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-9691-7347
Mohammad El AffendiEIAS Data Science and Blockchain Lab, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-9349-1985
Jawaid IqbalDepartment of Computer Science, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Saddam HussainSchool of Digital Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei.ORCID 0000-0003-1523-1330
Syed Sajid UllahDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5406-0389
Adamu Sani YahayaDepartment of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Rabiya KhalidDepartment of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Abdul MateenDepartment of Computer Science, University of Sialkot, Sialkot 51040, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-8607-7783
COMSATS University Islamabad · PKPrince Sultan University · SACapital University of Science and Technology · PKUniversiti Brunei Darussalam · BNUniversity of Agder · NOUniversity of Salerno · ITUniversity of Sialkot

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this paper, a secure energy trading mechanism based on blockchain technology is proposed. The proposed model deals with energy trading problems such as insecure energy trading and inefficient charging mechanisms for electric vehicles (EVs) in a vehicular energy network (VEN). EVs face two major problems: finding an optimal charging station and calculating the exact amount of energy required to reach the selected charging station. Moreover, in traditional trading approaches, centralized parties are involved in energy trading, which leads to various issues such as increased computational cost, increased computational delay, data tempering and a single point of failure. Furthermore, EVs face various energy challenges, such as imbalanced load supply and fluctuations in voltage level. Therefore, a demand-response (DR) pricing strategy enables EV users to flatten load curves and efficiently adjust electricity usage. In this work, communication between EVs and aggregators is efficiently performed through blockchain. Moreover, a branching concept is involved in the proposed system, which divides EV data into two different branches: a Fraud Chain (F-chain) and an Integrity Chain (I-chain). The proposed branching mechanism helps solve the storage problem and reduces computational time. Moreover, an attacker model is designed to check the robustness of the proposed system against double-spending and replay attacks. Security analysis of the proposed smart contract is also given in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed work efficiently reduces the charging cost and time in a VEN.

Indexed as

BlockchainElectricityMachine Learningbranchingcharging stationconsortium blockchaindemand responsedouble spendingelectric vehiclesenergy tradingKNNmachine learningvehicular energy network

Identifiers

PMID36236363
PMCPMC9571319
OpenAlexW4297226809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.