HRST: An Improved HRNet for Detecting Joint Points of Pigs.

The body size of pigs is a vital evaluation indicator for growth monitoring and selective breeding. The detection of joint points is critical for accurately estimating pig body size. However, most joint point detection methods focus on improving detection accuracy while neglecting detection speed and model parameters. In this study, we propose an HRNet with Swin Transformer block (HRST) based on HRNet for detecting the joint points of pigs. It can improve model accuracy while significantly reducing model parameters by replacing the fourth stage of parameter redundancy in HRNet with a Swin Transformer block. Moreover, we implemented joint point detection for multiple pigs following two steps: first, CenterNet was used to detect pig posture (lying or standing); then, HRST was used for joint point detection for standing pigs. The results indicated that CenterNet achieved an average precision (AP) of 86.5%, and HRST achieved an AP of 77.4% and a real-time detection speed of 40 images per second. Compared with HRNet, the AP of HRST improved by 6.8%, while the number of model parameters and the calculated amount reduced by 72.8% and 41.7%, respectively. The study provides technical support for the accurate and rapid detection of pig joint points, which can be used for contact-free body size estimation of pigs.