ArticleNutrients2022
Does the Ketogenic Diet Improve the Quality of Ovarian Function in Obese Women?
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of ketogenic diets on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary patterns and testosterone balance: a review of clinical data and perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Single-cell immune landscape of patients with different ovarian reserves during COH.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between PMOS and MASLD: Pathophysiology and Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Ketogenic diet as a therapeutic intervention for biochemical hyperandrogenism in PCOS women with obesity or overweight: a meta-analytic study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Low-Carbohydrate (Ketogenic) Diet in Children with Obesity: Part 2-Hormonal Effects of the Ketogenic Diet.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease: a review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Article
- Ketogenic Diet and Thyroid Function: A Delicate Metabolic Balancing Act.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Advancing Obesity Management: the Very Low-Energy Ketogenic therapy (VLEKT) as an Evolution of the "Traditional" Ketogenic Diet.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Adolescent Polycystic Ovary syndrome:A Review.International journal of women's health · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis in polycystic ovary syndrome: focus on diet, probiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Choline Intake and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2013-2018.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Shared senescence-associated gene networks in PCOS and T2DM: biomarker identification and functional validation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- The role of β-hydroxybutyrate testing in ketogenic metabolic therapies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Unveiling the link: anti-protein disulfide isomerase A3 autoantibody expression and polycystic ovary syndrome risk in euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis women.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Article
- Article
- The effects of ketogenic diet on metabolic and hormonal parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, the prevalence of which ranges from 8 to 13%. It is characterized by metabolic, reproductive, and psychological alterations. PCOS prevalence is related to body mass index (BMI). Women with BMI < 25 kg/m2 have a prevalence of 4.3%, whereas women with BMI > 30 kg/m2 have a prevalence of 14%. Moreover, women with PCOS have a risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) two-fold higher than controls, independently of BMI. Both PCOS and T2DM are also consequences of lower serum sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, which is currently considered a biomarker of metabolic disorders, in particular T2DM. Aim: To evaluate the effect of the very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) on markers suggested to be predictive of metabolic and ovulatory dysfunction. These comprehend SHBG, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and progesterone levels on day 21 of the menstrual cycle in a cohort of obese non-diabetic women with PCOS and regular menses. Methods: Twenty-five patients (mean age 25.4 ± 3.44 years) with obesity and PCOS underwent VLCKD for 12 weeks. Each of them underwent measurements of anthropometric parameters (body weight, height, and waist circumference) and blood testing to evaluate serum levels of SHBG, AMH, and progesterone before and after 12 weeks of VLCKD. Results: At enrollment, all patients had high BMI, WC, and AMH, whereas SHBG and progesterone levels were low. After VLCKD, the patients showed a significant reduction in BMI, WC, and HOMA index. In particular, 76% of patients (19/25) switched from obesity to overweight, and the HOMA index normalized, reaching values lower than 2.5 in 96% (24/25) of patients. In addition, serum AMH levels significantly decreased, and progesterone and SHBG significantly increased after VLCKD. Conclusions: This is the first study documenting the effects of VLCKD on ovarian reserve and luteal function in women with PCOS. VLCKD could be used to improve metabolic and ovulatory dysfunction in women with PCOS. Further studies are needed to understand the reasons for the AMH reduction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.