ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2022
The Effect of Smoking and Brushing on the Color Stability and Stainability of Different CAD/CAM Restorative Materials.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of tooth brushing simulation and staining thermocycling on surface roughness and color stability of CAD/CAM laminate veneers ceramic materials: an in-vitro study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Color stability of CAD/CAM provisional materials after immersion in different coloring solutions: a comparative study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of cigarette smoking on the optical properties of contemporary dental ceramics: anPeerJ · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Effect of Electronic Cigarette Devices/Vape on the Color of Dental Ceramics: An In Vitro Investigation.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Toothbrushing Effects on Surface Properties and Color Stability of CAD/CAM and Pressable Ceramic Fixed Restorations-An In Vitro Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare the color stability and stainability of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restorative materials in their glazed (G) and polished (P) state when exposed to cigarette smoke, as well as after brushing. Three CAD/CAM restorative materials were investigated: lithium disilicate CAD (LD), zirconia (Zr), and Telio PMMA CAD (PMMA), according to their surface finishing and assignment to cigarette smoking exposure or soaking in the saliva (control) group. The color change (∆E) was calculated before and after the intervention performed for all specimens, using the L*a*b values to quantitatively assess the shade differences. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison analysis (α = 0.05). The surface finishing did not influence the materials’ stainability. Color change was noted after smoking, LD and Zr-G and Zr-P had a comparable color change (p > 0.05), while PMMA presented lower ∆E values (p < 0.05). After brushing, all specimens had a significant color change that was high for LD-G and LD-P, and Zr-G, compared with Zr-P and PMMA (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the exposure to cigarette smoke showed that LD, Zr, and PMMA are all susceptible to staining, but brushing decreases surface staining.
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Registered trials
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