ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Plasticity towards Rigidity: A Macrophage Conundrum in Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trends and hotspots in pulmonary fibrosis biomarker research: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Synergistic regulation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling and inflammatory pathways via SA/NAC-based nanoplatforms: a novel strategy to enhance anti-fibrotic therapeutic outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Echinacoside ameliorates bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by regulating macrophage polarization.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Autologous precision-cut lung slice co-culture models for studying macrophage-driven fibrosis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Prevention of radiotherapy-induced pro-tumorigenic microenvironment by SFK inhibitors.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Review
- SLC15A3 plays a crucial role in pulmonary fibrosis by regulating macrophage oxidative stress.Cell death and differentiation · 2024Article
- Macrophage polarization and its impact on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Identification of a distinct cluster of GDF15Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Elamipretide(SS-31) Attenuates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Nrf2-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Monocytes and macrophages: emerging mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets in pulmonary fibrosis.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- Two-Pore-Domain Potassium Channel TREK-1 Mediates Pulmonary Fibrosis through Macrophage M2 Polarization and by Direct Promotion of Fibroblast Differentiation.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Quercetin Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Silicotic Mice by Inhibiting Macrophage Transition and TGF-β-Smad2/3 Pathway.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Immune Mechanisms of Pulmonary Fibrosis with Bleomycin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Unraveling the mechanism of ethyl acetate extract fromFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, chronic, and ultimately fatal diffuse parenchymal lung disease. The molecular mechanisms of fibrosis in IPF patients are not fully understood and there is a lack of effective treatments. For decades, different types of drugs such as immunosuppressants and antioxidants have been tested, usually with unsuccessful results. Although two antifibrotic drugs (Nintedanib and Pirfenidone) are approved and used for the treatment of IPF, side effects are common, and they only slow down disease progression without improving patients' survival. Macrophages are central to lung homeostasis, wound healing, and injury. Depending on the stimulus in the microenvironment, macrophages may contribute to fibrosis, but also, they may play a role in the amelioration of fibrosis. In this review, we explore the role of macrophages in IPF in relation to the fibrotic processes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and their crosstalk with resident and recruited cells and we emphasized the importance of macrophages in finding new treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.