ArticleCells2022
Exosomal Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Induces Ionizing Radiation-Adaptive Glioblastoma Cachexia.
Article in Cells, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- FLASH radiotherapy preserves systemic and tissue homeostasis while maintaining antitumor efficacy.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer-associated cachexia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- The Role of Extracellular Proteases and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in the Pre-Metastatic Niche.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Clinical research framework proposal for ketogenic metabolic therapy in glioblastoma.BMC medicine · 2024Review
- Exosomes in the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer-related cachexia.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Therapy-induced senescent tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote colorectal cancer progression through SERPINE1-mediated NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation.Molecular cancer · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes in the Control of the Musculoskeletal Health.Current osteoporosis reports · 2024Review
- Article
- The role of extracellular vesicles in skeletal muscle wasting.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2023Review
- The impact of inflammation and acute phase activation in cancer cachexia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a muscle-wasting syndrome that leads to a severely compromised quality of life and increased mortality. A strong association between cachexia and poor prognosis has been demonstrated in intractable cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM). In the present study, it was demonstrated that ionizing radiation (IR), the first-line treatment for GBM, causes cancer cachexia by increasing the exosomal release of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) from glioblastoma cells. Exosomal PAI-1 delivered to the skeletal muscle is directly penetrated in the muscles and phosphorylates STAT3 to intensify muscle atrophy by activating muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) and muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin1); furthermore, it hampers muscle protein synthesis by inhibiting mTOR signaling. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of PAI-1 by TM5441 inhibited muscle atrophy and rescued muscle protein synthesis, thereby providing survival benefits in a GBM orthotopic xenograft mouse model. In summary, our data delineated the role of PAI-1 in the induction of GBM cachexia associated with radiotherapy-treated GBM. Our data also indicated that targeting PAI-1 could serve as an attractive strategy for the management of GBM following radiotherapy, which would lead to a considerable improvement in the quality of life of GBM patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.