ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2022
The PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway: A Perspective on Comparative Immuno-Oncology.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a narrative review of evidence and future directions.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- Tumor microenvironment and drug resistance in lung adenocarcinoma: molecular mechanisms, prognostic implications, and therapeutic strategies.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Assessing the Clinical Relevance of Soluble PD-1 and PD-L1: A Multi-Cohort Study Across Diverse Tumor Types and Prognostic Implications.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- The metastatic cascade through the lens of therapeutic inhibition.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Atezolizumab with chemotherapy for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer: does targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 matter in this clinical situation?Gynecology and pelvic medicine · 2025Article
- Notch Signaling and PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Potentialities of Combined Therapies.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Biomarkers for Immunotherapy Efficacy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Predictive Biomarkers and Resistance Mechanisms of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Malignant Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Acting as Tormentors of Advanced Tumors by Unleashing Immune Cells and Associated Collateral Damage.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Profiling of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and Their Impact on Survival in Glioblastoma Patients Undergoing Immunotherapy with Dendritic Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The PD-1/PD-L1 Axis in the Biology of MASLD.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Navigating the landscape of PD-1/PD-L1 imaging tracers: from challenges to opportunities.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Dimerization of Transmembrane Proteins in Cancer Immunotherapy.Membranes · 2023Review
- The role of PD-1 signaling in health and immune-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway mainly attracted attention in immuno-oncology, leading to the development of immune checkpoint therapy. It has, however, much broader importance for tissue physiology and pathology. It mediates basic processes of immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis. In addition, it is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer. It is also an important paradigm for comparative pathology as well as the "one health one medicine" concept. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of novel research into the diverse facets of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and to give insights into its fine-tuning homeostatic role in a tissue-specific context. This review details early translational research from the discovery phase based on mice as animal models for understanding pathophysiological aspects in human tissues to more recent research extending the investigations to several animal species. The latter has the twofold goal of comparing this pathway between humans and different animal species and translating diagnostic tools and treatment options established for the use in human beings to animals and vice versa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.