ArticlePloS one2022
Homo sapiens lithic technology and microlithization in the South Asian rainforest at Kitulgala Beli-lena (c. 45 - 8,000 years ago).
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pre-agricultural intensification of plant use in Pleistocene Sri Lankan rainforests.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Lithic Miniaturization Provides a Signature of an MIS4-3 Southern Dispersal of Homo sapiens.Evolutionary anthropology · 2026Review
- New insights from the application of ZooMS to Late Pleistocene fauna from Grotta di Castelcivita, southern Italy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Early Sri Lankan coastal site tracks technological change and estuarine resource exploitation over the last ca. 25,000 years.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Recent archaeological investigations in Sri Lanka have reported evidence for the exploitation and settlement of tropical rainforests by Homo sapiens since c. 48,000 BP. Information on technological approaches used by human populations in rainforest habitats is restricted to two cave sites, Batadomba-lena and Fa-Hien Lena. Here, we provide detailed study of the lithic assemblages of Kitulgala Beli-lena, a recently excavated rockshelter preserving a sedimentary sequence from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Our analysis indicates in situ lithic production and the recurrent use of the bipolar method for the production of microliths. Stone tool analyses demonstrate long-term technological stability from c. 45,000 to 8,000 years BP, a pattern documented in other rainforest locations. Foraging behaviour is characterised by the use of lithic bipolar by-products together with osseous projectile points for the consistent targeting of semi-arboreal/arboreal species, allowing for the widespread and recurrent settlement of the wet zone of Sri Lanka.
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