Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36224705›Full record

ArticleJournal of medical virology2023

Long COVID following Omicron wave in Eastern India-A retrospective cohort study.

M C Arjun, Arvind K Singh, Payel Roy, Mythry Ravichandran, Srijani Mandal, Debkumar Pal, Kajal Das, Alekhya Gajjala, Mahalingam Venkateshan, Baijayantimala Mishra and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical virology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. From Stagnation to Strategy: Challenges in Advancing Long COVID Research.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2025
    Review
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  8. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

M C ArjunDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Arvind K SinghDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.ORCID 0000-0001-7063-7435
Payel RoyDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Mythry RavichandranDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Srijani MandalDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Debkumar PalDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Kajal DasDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Alekhya GajjalaDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Mahalingam VenkateshanCollege of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Baijayantimala MishraDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Binod K PatroDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
Prasanta R MohapatraDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Sonu H SubbaDepartment of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India.
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Long coronavirus disease (COVID) or postacute sequelae of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is widely reported but the data of long COVID after infection with the Omicron variant is limited. This study was conducted to estimate the incidence, characteristics of symptoms, and predictors of long COVID among COVID-19 patients diagnosed during the Omicron wave in Eastern India. The cohort of COVID-19 patients included were adults (≥18 years) diagnosed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive with Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction. After 28 days of diagnosis; participants were followed up with a telephonic interview to capture data on sociodemographic, clinical history, anthropometry, substance use, COVID-19 vaccination status, acute COVID-19 symptoms, and long COVID symptoms. The long COVID symptoms were self-reported by the participants. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of long COVID. The median follow-up of participants was 73 days (Interquartile range; 67-83). The final analysis had 524 participants' data; among them 8.2% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 6%-10.9%) self-reported long COVID symptoms. Fatigue (34.9%) was the most common reported symptom followed by cough (27.9%). In multivariable logistic regression only two predictors were statistically significant-number of acute COVID-19 symptoms ≥ five (Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.30-6.71) and past history of COVID-19 (aOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.14-6.22). The proportion of self-reported long COVID is considerably low among COVID-19 patients diagnosed during the Omicron wave in Eastern India when compared with estimates during Delta wave in the same setting.

Indexed as

COVID-19Post-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeAdultCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansIndiaRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19long COVIDOmicronpostacute COVID-19 syndrome

Identifiers

PMID36224705
PMCPMC9874641
OpenAlexW4304775507

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.