Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36224607›Full record

ArticleVeterinary research2022

Baicalin acts as an adjuvant to potentiate the activity of azithromycin against Staphylococcus saprophyticus biofilm: an in vitro, in vivo, and molecular study.

Jinli Wang, Siya Li, Jinwu Meng, Jinyue Zhu, Tianxin Qiu, Wenjia Wang, Jinxue Ding, Zhenguang Liu, Kun Li, Mujahid Lqbal and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Gallic acid synergistically enhances the antibacterial activity of azithromycin in MRSA.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jinli WangMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Siya LiMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Jinwu MengMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Jinyue ZhuMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Tianxin QiuMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Wenjia WangMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Jinxue DingMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Zhenguang LiuMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Kun LiMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Mujahid LqbalDepartment of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Deyun WangMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Yi WuMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. wuyi2001cn@163.com.
Jiaguo LiuMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. liujiaguo@njau.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4078-8010
Nanjing Agricultural University · CNUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is frequently involved in various difficult-to-treat infections due to the formation of biofilms. To identify useful antibiofilm strategies, this study explored the efficacy and mechanism of baicalin in enhancing the ability of azithromycin against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus saprophyticus-Liu-2016-Liyang, China-francolin (MDRSS) biofilms in vitro and in vivo. When azithromycin was used in combination with baicalin, the minimum inhibitory concentration in biofilm (MICB) for azithromycin decreased 4- to 512-fold. Compared with the azithromycin and baicalin groups, the combination of azithromycin and baicalin could not reduce the biofilm biomass, but the dispersion rates of biofilm were decreased and the bactericidal ability was increased. Furthermore, the relative transcript levels of WalK/R system-related genes were upregulated by the addition of baicalin or azithromycin plus baicalin compared with that of the azithromycin and blank control groups. The strong correlation relationship between the WalK/R system and the bactericidal index demonstrated that baicalin enhanced the bactericidal effect of azithromycin on MDRSS biofilms by modulating the WalK/R system. In the mouse cutaneous infection model, the combination of azithromycin and baicalin succeeded in eradicating MDRSS and decreasing pathological injuries. This study indicated that baicalin has the potential to be an adjuvant to enhance the antimicrobial activity of azithromycin against MDRSS in the biofilm form by modulating the WalK/R system.

Indexed as

AzithromycinMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsMiceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsStaphylococcus saprophyticusAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinazithromycinbaicalinbiofilmS. saprophyticusWalK/R system

Identifiers

PMID36224607
PMCPMC9558388
OpenAlexW4304807404

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.