ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2022
Contribution of T- and B-cell intrinsic toll-like receptors to the adaptive immune response in viral infectious diseases.
Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycolysis Drives TLR Ligand-Induced Maturation and Immune Activation of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms of herbal medicines and bioactive compounds in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive network pharmacology perspective.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Pam3CSK4 as a cross-species adjuvant for polysaccharide vaccines in humanized mouse and non-human primate models.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics-driven design of a multi-epitope vaccine against Seoul Virus: Structural, dynamic, and immunogenic profiling.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Heat-killedResearch square · 2026Article
- Pam3CSK4 as a Cross-Species Adjuvant for Polysaccharide Vaccines: Efficacy in Humanized Mouse and Non-Human Primate Models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Prediction and characterisation of the human B cell response to a heterologous two-dose Ebola vaccine.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Enhancing CAR T-Cell Function with Domains of Innate Immunity Sensors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Role of toll-like receptors in pulmonary immunity: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Three Artemisia pollens trigger the onset of allergic rhinitis via TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms in COPD: Current Status and Therapeutic Prospects.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
- Revolutionizing adjuvant development: harnessing AI for next-generation cancer vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Peripheral inflammation as a potential mechanism and preventive strategy for perioperative neurocognitive disorder under general anesthesia and surgery.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Toll-like Receptor Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 or Co-Infection with Hepatitis B or C Virus: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Inhibition of T-cell activity in alopecia areata: recent developments and new directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- When the allergy alarm bells toll: The role of Toll-like receptors in allergic diseases and treatment.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise a class of highly conserved molecules that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and play a vital role in host defense against multiple viral infectious diseases. Although TLRs are highly expressed on innate immune cells and play indirect roles in regulating antiviral adaptive immune responses, intrinsic expression of TLRs in adaptive immune cells, including T cells and B cells, cannot be ignored. TLRs expressed in CD4 + and CD8 + T cells play roles in enhancing TCR signal-induced T-cell activation, proliferation, function, and survival, serving as costimulatory molecules. Gene knockout of TLR signaling molecules has been shown to diminish antiviral adaptive immune responses and affect viral clearance in multiple viral infectious animal models. These results have highlighted the critical role of TLRs in the long-term immunological control of viral infection. This review summarizes the expression and function of TLR signaling pathways in T and B cells, focusing on the in vitro and vivo mechanisms and effects of intrinsic TLR signaling in regulating T- and B-cell responses during viral infection. The potential clinical use of TLR-based immune regulatory drugs for viral infectious diseases is also explored.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.