ReviewTranslational psychiatry2022
Treatment biomarkers for ADHD: Taking stock and moving forward.
Review in Translational psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analysis.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Reduced occurrence of alpha waves during resting state predicts high attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits in young adults.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Adult ADHD in Cultural Ecosocial Niches: Exploring the Rise of Adult ADHD in Context.Culture, medicine and psychiatry · 2026Article
- Serum GDF-15 Levels in Pediatric ADHD: Associations with Symptom Severity and Stimulant Exposure.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- A narrative review on the psychological mechanisms and efficacy of music interventions for improving symptoms of patients with ADHD.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Electrophysiological evaluation of cognitive intervention outcomes in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mapping EEG Metrics to Human Affective and Cognitive Models: An Interdisciplinary Scoping Review from a Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinical response to a single-dose methylphenidate challenge is indicative of treatment response at two months in adults with ADHD.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Review
- Sustained attention in attention-deficit subjects and the impact of binaural beat stimulation evaluated by behavior and EEG.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Review
- Biomarkers and Neuropsychological Tools in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: From Subjectivity to Precision Diagnosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens predicts clinical course in medication adherent and non-adherent adult ADHD.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Electrophysiological indices of reward anticipation as ADHD risk and prognostic biomarkers.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exploring voice as a digital phenotype in adults with ADHD.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Serotonin dysfunction in ADHD.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Review
- Infant attention and frontal EEG neuromarkers of childhood ADHD.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Single-dose methylphenidate induces shift in functional connectivity associated with positive longer term clinical response in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genome data based deep learning identified new genes predicting pharmacological treatment response of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Commentary: Using QbTest for monitoring pharmacological treatment response in ADHD - are we there yet?Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The development of treatment biomarkers for psychiatric disorders has been challenging, particularly for heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Promising findings are also rarely translated into clinical practice, especially with regard to treatment decisions and development of novel treatments. Despite this slow progress, the available neuroimaging, electrophysiological (EEG) and genetic literature provides a solid foundation for biomarker discovery. This article gives an updated review of promising treatment biomarkers for ADHD which may enhance personalized medicine and novel treatment development. The available literature points to promising pre-treatment profiles predicting efficacy of various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for ADHD. These candidate predictive biomarkers, particularly those based on low-cost and non-invasive EEG assessments, show promise for the future stratification of patients to specific treatments. Studies with repeated biomarker assessments further show that different treatments produce distinct changes in brain profiles, which track treatment-related clinical improvements. These candidate monitoring/response biomarkers may aid future monitoring of treatment effects and point to mechanistic targets for novel treatments, such as neurotherapies. Nevertheless, existing research does not support any immediate clinical applications of treatment biomarkers for ADHD. Key barriers are the paucity of replications and external validations, the use of small and homogeneous samples of predominantly White children, and practical limitations, including the cost and technical requirements of biomarker assessments and their unknown feasibility and acceptability for people with ADHD. We conclude with a discussion of future directions and methodological changes to promote clinical translation and enhance personalized treatment decisions for diverse groups of individuals with ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.