Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36222637›Full record

ArticleBehavioral neuroscience2022

Dopamine mediates the bidirectional update of interval timing.

Anthony M V Jakob, John G Mikhael, Allison E Hamilos, John A Assad, Samuel J Gershman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioral neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Effort, timing and choice: a refined rodent effort choice task with excellent sensitivity to dopamine modulators.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Midbrain Dopamine Warps Subjective Time via Threshold Setting But Not Clock Speed.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Mesolimbic dopamine ramps reflect environmental timescales.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anthony M V JakobSection of Life Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.ORCID 0000-0002-0996-1356
John G MikhaelDepartment of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School.ORCID 0000-0002-7622-716X
Allison E HamilosDepartment of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School.ORCID 0000-0001-9486-0017
John A AssadDepartment of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School.ORCID 0000-0002-7689-5336
Samuel J GershmanDepartment of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University.ORCID 0000-0002-6546-3298

Funding

Medical Scientist Training ProgramT32GM007753 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI WALENSKY, LOREN DAVID · 1985 to 2021
$50.0M
Towards a Unified Framework for Dopamine Signaling in the StriatumU19NS113201 · NINDS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI ASSAD, JOHN, DATTA, SANDEEP R · 2019 to 2023
$18.7M
PHD TRAINING IN NEUROSCIENCET32MH020017 · NIMH · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI JOHN ASSAD · 1997 to 2026
$15.8M
Medical Scientist Training ProgramT32GM144273 · NIGMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI David Shumway Jones, Jacqueline A. Lees · 2022 to 2026
$14.7M
Air Force Office of Scientific ResearchBertarelli FellowshipNIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007753NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM144273NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHS T32 MH020017NINDS NIH HHS U19 NS113201
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The role of dopamine (DA) as a reward prediction error (RPE) signal in reinforcement learning (RL) tasks has been well-established over the past decades. Recent work has shown that the RPE interpretation can also account for the effects of DA on interval timing by controlling the speed of subjective time. According to this theory, the timing of the dopamine signal relative to reward delivery dictates whether subjective time speeds up or slows down: Early DA signals speed up subjective time and late signals slow it down. To test this bidirectional prediction, we reanalyzed measurements of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of mice performing a self-timed movement task. Using the slope of ramping dopamine activity as a readout of subjective time speed, we found that trial-by-trial changes in the slope could be predicted from the timing of dopamine activity on the previous trial. This result provides a key piece of evidence supporting a unified computational theory of RL and interval timing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Indexed as

DopamineReinforcement, PsychologyAnimalsDopaminergic NeuronsLearningMiceRewardDopamine

Identifiers

PMID36222637
PMCPMC9725808

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.