ArticleEndocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)2022
Association among Current Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Regular Exercise, and Lower Extremity Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot: Nationwide Population-Based Study.
Article in Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A randomized controlled trial of an app-based intervention on physical activity and glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Association Between Diabetic Foot Lesions and Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Atherosclerosis index and diabetic foot ulcers: an NHANES database investigation.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Article
- Nationwide study of income-based disparities in diabetic limb preservation in South Korea.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Severity of Diabetes and the Risk of Diabetic Foot Amputation: A National Cohort Study.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Diabetes-Associated Major Limb Amputation in Solomon Islands: A National, 5-Year Retrospective Study.World journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among patients with diabetic foot ulcers towards disease management.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Are There Sex Differences in the Association of Alcohol Consumption With the Risk of Soft Tissue Sarcoma? A Nationwide Population-based Study in Korea.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2025Article
- Factors associated with diabetic foot ulcers and lower limb amputations in type 1 and type 2 diabetes supported by real-world data from the German/Austrian DPV registry.Journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Visceral Adiposity as an Independent Risk Factor for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2024Article
- Age Characteristics of Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Predictive Risk Factors for Lower Limb Amputation: A Population-Based Retrospective Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgruoundThe present study investigates whether modifiable behavioral factors of current cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, and regular exercise are associated with risk of lower extremity amputation (LEA) in diabetic patients.
methodsA total of 2,644,440 diabetic patients (aged ≥20 years) was analyzed using the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the behavioral factors with risk of LEA under adjustment for potential confounders.
resultsThe risk of LEA was significantly increased by current cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol consumption (HR, 1.436; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.367 to 1.508 and HR, 1.082; 95% CI, 1.011 to 1.158) but significantly decreased with regular exercise (HR, 0.745; 95% CI, 0.706 to 0.786) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, low income, hypertension, dyslipidemia, body mass index, using insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs, and diabetic duration. A synergistically increased risk of LEA was observed with larger number of risky behaviors.
conclusionModification of behaviors of current smoking, heavy alcohol intake, and exercise prevents LEA and can improve physical, emotional, and social quality of life in diabetic patients.
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