Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36220996›Full record

ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2022

Epigenetic regulation of B cells and its role in autoimmune pathogenesis.

Fan Xiao, Ke Rui, Xiaofei Shi, Haijing Wu, Xiaoyan Cai, Kathy O Lui, Qianjin Lu, Esteban Ballestar, Jie Tian, Hejian Zou and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  5. Reversing pregnancy-induced B cell sensitization to facilitate the induction of transplant tolerance in postpartum recipients.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026
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  20. EZH2 coordinates memory B-cell programming and recall responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.

Fan XiaoDepartment of Pathology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation and Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-452X
Ke RuiInstitute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Xiaofei ShiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Haijing WuDepartment of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xiaoyan CaiDepartment of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Kathy O LuiDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1616-3643
Qianjin LuDepartment of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Esteban BallestarEpigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1400-2440
Jie TianInstitute of Medical Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. tianjie@ujs.edu.cn.
Hejian ZouDepartment of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. hjzou@fudan.edu.cn.
Liwei LuDepartment of Pathology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation and Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China. liweilu@hku.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8634-0967
Central South University · CNJiangsu University · CNChinese University of Hong Kong · HKFirst Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology · CNFudan University · CNGuangzhou First People's Hospital · CNHong Kong Science and Technology Parks Corporation · HKJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute · ESUniversity of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

B cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Although previous studies have shown many genetic polymorphisms associated with B-cell activation in patients with various autoimmune disorders, progress in epigenetic research has revealed new mechanisms leading to B-cell hyperactivation. Epigenetic mechanisms, including those involving histone modifications, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs, regulate B-cell responses, and their dysregulation can contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Patients with autoimmune diseases show epigenetic alterations that lead to the initiation and perpetuation of autoimmune inflammation. Moreover, many clinical and animal model studies have shown the promising potential of epigenetic therapies for patients. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview of epigenetic mechanisms with a focus on their roles in regulating functional B-cell subsets. Furthermore, we discuss epigenetic dysregulation in B cells and highlight its contribution to the development of autoimmune diseases. Based on clinical and preclinical evidence, we discuss novel epigenetic biomarkers and therapies for patients with autoimmune disorders.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesEpigenesis, GeneticAnimalsB-LymphocytesDNA MethylationRNA, UntranslatedRNA, UntranslatedAutoimmune diseaseB cellsBiomarkerEpigenetic regulationTherapy

Identifiers

PMID36220996
PMCPMC9622816
OpenAlexW4304587253

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.