ReviewCell death discovery2022
The schemes, mechanisms and molecular pathway changes of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) alone or in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Review in Cell death discovery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of tumor treating fields on overall and progression-free survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Triple-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation Combined with Fingolimod Reduces Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis-Associated Extracellular Vesicle Protein Levels.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Optimization of electrode material and geometry to enhance TTFields-like anticancer effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tumor treating fields combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for glioblastoma: A multi-institutional analysis.iScience · 2026Article
- Intensity- and time-dependent anticancer effects of alternating electric fields in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Nuclear Mechanotransduction Across the Metastatic Cascade: Decoding Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity in Cancer Dissemination.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Inhibitory glutamatergic feedback for brain tumor therapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Electricity-Based Locoregional Cancer Therapies and Their Associated Drug Delivery Technologies: From Principles of Action to Clinical Implications.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Development and Preliminary Validation of a Wearable Tumor Treating Fields Device for Breast Cancer Therapy.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Article
- Crosstalk in the brain tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical advances.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Exploring the molecular mechanism of cancer radiosensitization: the impact of physical stimulation therapy.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025Review
- Enhanced anti-tumor effects of combined electric fields, cabozantinib, and radiation therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- The Evidence That Brain Cancers Could Be Effectively Treated with In-Home Radiofrequency Waves.Cancers · 2025Article
- Current Research Trends and Hotspots in Radiotherapy Combined with Nanomaterials for Cancer Treatment: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An Analysis for IDH-Mutant Grade 4 Astrocytoma Based on WHO CNS 5: Implication of Clinical Practice.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Electrical Stimulation Using a Low-Frequency and Low-Intensity Alternating Current Modulates Type I Procollagen Production and MMP-1 Expression in Dermal Fibroblasts.Annals of dermatology · 2025Article
- Precise Electromagnetic Modulation of the Cell Cycle and Its Applications in Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Synergistic effects of combined hyperthermia and electric fields treatment in non-small cell lung-cancer (NSCLC) cell lines.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Review
- Tumor treating fields enhance anti-PD therapy by improving CCL2/8 and CXCL9/CXCL10 expression through inducing immunogenic cell death in NSCLC models.BMC cancer · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) is a physical therapy that uses moderate frequency (100-300 kHz) and low-intensity (1-3 V/cm) alternating electric fields to inhibit tumors. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration approves TTFields for treating recurrent or newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The classical mechanism of TTFields is mitotic inhibition by hindering the formation of tubulin and spindle. In addition, TTFields inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, migration and induces cell death, such as apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, it regulates immune function and changes the permeability of the nuclear membrane, cell membrane, and blood-brain barrier. Based on the current researches on TTFields in various tumors, this review comprehensively summarizes the in-vitro effects, changes in pathways and molecules corresponding to relevant parameters of TTFields (frequency, intensity, and duration). In addition, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are common tumor treatments. Thus, we also pay attention to the sequence and dose when TTFields combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. TTFields has inhibitory effects in a variety of tumors. The study of TTFields mechanism is conducive to subsequent research. How to combine common tumor therapy such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy to obtain the maximum benefit is also a problem that's worthy of our attention.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.