ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2023
Nationwide racial/ethnic disparities in US emergency department visits and hospitalizations for gout.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time Trends and Predictors of Gout Remission Over 6 Years.Arthritis care & research · 2025Trial
- Article
- The Impact of Uncontrolled Gout on Healthcare Utilization and Health Outcomes for United States Veterans Affairs Patients.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Hyperuricaemia and gout in the Pacific.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Unclosing Premature Mortality Gap Among Patients With Gout in the US General Population, Independent of Serum Urate and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Factors.Arthritis care & research · 2024Article
- The Evolving Landscape of Gout in the Female: A Narrative Review.Gout, urate, and crystal deposition disease · 2023Article
- Emerging Urate-Lowering Drugs and Pharmacologic Treatment Strategies for Gout: A Narrative Review.Drugs · 2023Review
- Comparative Effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for Recurrent Gout Flares and Gout-Primary Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations : A General Population Cohort Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2023Article
- Trends in Prevalence of Gout Among US Asian Adults, 2011-2018.JAMA network open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesGout prevalence is reportedly ∼20% higher in US Black adults than Whites, but racial differences in emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for gout are unknown. We evaluated the latest US national utilization datasets according to racial/ethnic groups.
methodsUsing 2019 US National Emergency Department Sample and National Inpatient Sample databases, we compared racial/ethnic differences in annual population rates of ED visits and hospitalizations for gout (primary discharge diagnosis) per 100 000 US adults (using 2019 age- and sex-specific US census data). We also examined rates of ED visits and hospitalizations for gout among all US ED visits/hospitalizations and mean costs for each gout encounter.
resultsCompared with White patients, the per capita age- and sex-adjusted rate ratio (RR) of gout primary ED visits for Black patients was 5.01 (95% CI 4.96, 5.06), for Asian patients 1.29 (1.26, 1.31) and for Hispanic patients 1.12 (1.10, 1.13). RRs for gout primary hospitalizations were 4.07 (95% CI 3.90, 4.24), 1.46 (1.34, 1.58) and 1.06 (0.99, 1.13), respectively. Corresponding RRs among total US hospitalizations were 3.17 (95% CI 2.86, 3.50), 3.23 (2.71, 3.85) and 1.43 (1.21, 1.68) and among total ED visits were 2.66 (95% CI, 2.50, 2.82), 3.28 (2.64, 4.08), and 1.14 (1.05, 1.24), respectively. RRs were largest among Black women. Costs for ED visits and hospitalizations experienced by race/ethnicity showed similar disparities.
conclusionsThese first nationwide data found a substantial excess in both gout primary ED visits and hospitalizations experienced by all underserved racial/ethnic groups, particularly by Black women, revealing an urgent need for improved care to eliminate inequities in gout outcomes.
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