ArticleCanine medicine and genetics2022
Frequency, breed predispositions and other demographic risk factors for diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK.
Article in Canine medicine and genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endocrine diseases in Brazilian small-animal hospitals and referral caseloads: A systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions.Open veterinary journal · 2026Pooled it
- A variant in RESF1 is associated with Addison's disease and multiple autoimmune syndrome in young Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comprehensive representation of health-related phenotypes in one million dogs using topic modelling of electronic health records.Journal of big data · 2026Article
- Thyroid Disease in Horses-Retrospective Case Series on Patients Examined for Thyroid Disease in an Equine University Clinic (2009-2024).Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Repeated thyroid function evaluations in the dog: a retrospective study of 8,309 dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- English Cocker Spaniels under primary veterinary care in the UK: disorder predispositions and protections.Canine medicine and genetics · 2024Article
- Dog breeds and conformations predisposed to osteosarcoma in the UK: a VetCompass study.Canine medicine and genetics · 2023Article
- A Review of Clinical Outcomes, Owner Understanding and Satisfaction following Medial Canthoplasty in Brachycephalic Dogs in a UK Referral Setting (2016-2021).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Demography, common disorders and mortality of Boxer dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK.Canine medicine and genetics · 2023Article
- Demography and disorders of English Cocker Spaniels under primary veterinary care in the UK.Canine medicine and genetics · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypothyroidism is a commonly diagnosed endocrinopathy in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and risk factors for diagnosis of hypothyroidism in UK primary-care practice. Dogs diagnosed with hypothyroidism were identified by searching electronic patient records of primary-care practices participating in VetCompass. A cohort study design estimated one-year (2016) period prevalence and incidence risk for hypothyroidism. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between demographic risk factors and hypothyroidism.
resultsFrom 905,553 dogs, 2,105 dogs were recorded with diagnosed hypothyroidism in 2016; 359 incident and 1,746 pre-existing, giving an annual prevalence of 0.23% (95% CI 0.22-0.24) and annual incidence risk of 0.04% (95% CI 0.04-0.04). Multivariable logistic regression identified 24 predisposed and nine protected breeds. Standard Doberman pinscher (odds ratio [OR] = 17.02, 95% CI 12.8-22.64), Tibetan terrier (11.25, 95% CI 8.27-15.32) and boxer (10.44, 95% CI 8.66-12.58) breeds showed high predisposition. Pug (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.89), Yorkshire terrier (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.24-0.59), Shih-tzu (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.23-0.64) and Jack Russell terrier (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.29-0.54) were the most protected breeds. Overall, being a purebred dog, being insured, having bodyweight above the breed-sex mean, increasing age, being neutered and rising adult bodyweight also showed increased odds being a dog living with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism.
conclusionsSeveral strong breed predispositions for diagnosis of hypothyroidism were identified that can assist with disorder prioritisation in ongoing efforts to improve breed health. Other risk factors were also identified that can assist veterinary surgeons during clinical work-up of suspected cases. Identification of novel evidence for protected breeds provides useful information for research into genetic mechanisms.
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