Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36215709›Full record

ArticleAnnals of internal medicine2022

Comparison of Rapid Antigen Tests' Performance Between Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2 : A Secondary Analysis From a Serial Home Self-testing Study.

Apurv Soni, Carly Herbert, Andreas Filippaios, John Broach, Andres Colubri, Nisha Fahey, Kelsey Woods, Janvi Nanavati, Colton Wright, Taylor Orwig and 24 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Relationship Between Acute SARS-CoV-2 Viral Clearance and Long COVID-19 (Long COVID) Symptoms: A Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. The New Normal: Delayed Peak SARS-CoV-2 Viral Loads Relative to Symptom Onset and Implications for COVID-19 Testing Programs.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Sensitivity of Rapid Antigen Tests Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta Variants.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Apurv SoniProgram in Digital Medicine and Division of Clinical Informatics, Department of Medicine, and Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (A.S.).ORCID 0000-0001-5049-3657
Carly HerbertProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).ORCID 0000-0001-8972-0474
Andreas FilippaiosProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).ORCID 0000-0003-0082-5507
John BroachDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.B., L.O.).ORCID 0000-0002-6581-2232
Andres ColubriDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (A.C.).ORCID 0000-0001-5559-9661
Nisha FaheyProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (N.F.).ORCID 0000-0001-9059-1470
Kelsey WoodsProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).
Janvi NanavatiProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).
Colton WrightProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).
Taylor OrwigProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).
Karen GilliamProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).ORCID 0000-0001-6325-0136
Vik KheterpalCareEvolution, Ann Arbor, Michigan (V.K., T.S., C.N., S.S.).ORCID 0000-0002-4752-4229
Thejas SuvarnaCareEvolution, Ann Arbor, Michigan (V.K., T.S., C.N., S.S.).
Chris NowakCareEvolution, Ann Arbor, Michigan (V.K., T.S., C.N., S.S.).ORCID 0000-0003-1796-9558
Summer SchraderCareEvolution, Ann Arbor, Michigan (V.K., T.S., C.N., S.S.).ORCID 0000-0002-5678-8613
Honghuang LinProgram in Digital Medicine and Division of Clinical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (H.L.).ORCID 0000-0003-3043-3942
Laurel O'ConnorDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.B., L.O.).ORCID 0000-0003-4681-992X
Caitlin PretzProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (C.H., A.F., K.W., J.N., C.W., T.O., K.G., C.P.).
Didem AyturkDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (D.A., E.O., J.F., P.L., B.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-1309-8388
Elizabeth OrvekDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (D.A., E.O., J.F., P.L., B.B.).ORCID 0000-0001-6974-6263
Julie FlahiveDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (D.A., E.O., J.F., P.L., B.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-2786-7144
Peter LazarDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (D.A., E.O., J.F., P.L., B.B.).
Qiming ShiProgram in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, and University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (Q.S.).ORCID 0000-0001-5829-4345
Chad AchenbachDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (C.A., R.M.).ORCID 0000-0003-4847-7249
Robert MurphyDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (C.A., R.M.).ORCID 0000-0003-3936-2052
Matthew RobinsonDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.R., Y.C.M.).ORCID 0000-0003-0376-8560
Laura GibsonDepartment of Pediatrics and Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (L.G.).
Pamela StamegnaUniversity of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (P.S., N.H.).
Nathaniel HaferUniversity of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (P.S., N.H.).ORCID 0000-0002-0164-5092
Katherine LuzuriagaUniversity of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational Science and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (K.L.).ORCID 0000-0002-5561-1787
Bruce BartonDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (D.A., E.O., J.F., P.L., B.B.).ORCID 0000-0001-7878-8895
William HeetderksNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (W.H.).
Yukari C ManabeDivision of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (M.R., Y.C.M.).ORCID 0000-0001-8619-5598
David McManusProgram in Digital Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (D.M.).
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · USCareEvolution (United States) · USJohns Hopkins University · USNorthwestern University · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

The Center for Advancing Point of Care in Heart, Lung, Blood and Sleep DiseasesU54HL143541 · NHLBI · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI Nathaniel Scott Hafer · 2018 to 2026
$141.0M
RURAL: Risk Underlying Rural Areas Longitudinal Cohort StudyU01HL146382 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI JUDD, SUZANNE E, RAMACHANDRAN, VASAN · 2019 to 2025
$42.5M
University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical Science and Translational SupplementUL1TR001453 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI LUZURIAGA, KATHERINE F · 2015 to 2024
$39.0M
The Center for Innovation in Point-of-Care Technologies for HIV/AIDS atNorthwestern University (C-THAN) Supplemental RequestU54EB027049 · NIBIB · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI Chad J Achenbach, SALLY Maureen MCFALL · 2018 to 2026
$24.0M
University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceKL2TR001455 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI KIEFE, CATARINA I. · 2015 to 2024
$5.0M
University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceTL1TR001454 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI LEWIS, BRIAN C · 2015 to 2024
$3.6M
Smartwatch Monitoring for Atrial Fibrillation After StrokeR01HL137734 · NHLBI · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI CHON, KI H, MCMANUS, DAVID D. · 2018 to 2021
$3.1M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001455NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001454NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001453NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL137734NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL146382NHLBI NIH HHS U54 HL143541NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB027049
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is important to document the performance of rapid antigen tests (Ag-RDTs) in detecting SARS-CoV-2 variants.

objectiveTo compare the performance of Ag-RDTs in detecting the Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants of SARS-CoV-2.

designSecondary analysis of a prospective cohort study that enrolled participants between 18 October 2021 and 24 January 2022. Participants did Ag-RDTs and collected samples for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing every 48 hours for 15 days.

settingThe parent study enrolled participants throughout the mainland United States through a digital platform. All participants self-collected anterior nasal swabs for rapid antigen testing and RT-PCR testing. All Ag-RDTs were completed at home, whereas nasal swabs for RT-PCR were shipped to a central laboratory.

participantsOf 7349 participants enrolled in the parent study, 5779 asymptomatic persons who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 on day 1 of the study were eligible for this substudy. MEASUREMENTS: Sensitivity of Ag-RDTs on the same day as the first positive (index) RT-PCR result and 48 hours after the first positive RT-PCR result.

resultsA total of 207 participants were positive on RT-PCR (58 Delta, 149 Omicron). Differences in sensitivity between variants were not statistically significant (same day: Delta, 15.5% [95% CI, 6.2% to 24.8%] vs. Omicron, 22.1% [CI, 15.5% to 28.8%]; at 48 hours: Delta, 44.8% [CI, 32.0% to 57.6%] vs. Omicron, 49.7% [CI, 41.6% to 57.6%]). Among 109 participants who had RT-PCR-positive results for 48 hours, rapid antigen sensitivity did not differ significantly between Delta- and Omicron-infected participants (48-hour sensitivity: Delta, 81.5% [CI, 66.8% to 96.1%] vs. Omicron, 78.0% [CI, 69.1% to 87.0%]). Only 7.2% of the 69 participants with RT-PCR-positive results for shorter than 48 hours tested positive by Ag-RDT within 1 week; those with Delta infections remained consistently negative on Ag-RDTs. LIMITATION: A testing frequency of 48 hours does not allow a finer temporal resolution of the analysis of test performance, and the results of Ag-RDTs are based on self-report.

conclusionThe performance of Ag-RDTs in persons infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is not inferior to that in persons with Delta infections. Serial testing improved the sensitivity of Ag-RDTs for both variants. The performance of rapid antigen testing varies on the basis of duration of RT-PCR positivity. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2HumansProspective StudiesSelf-TestingSensitivity and SpecificityUnited States

Identifiers

PMID36215709
PMCPMC9578286
OpenAlexW4304114401

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.