Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36214937›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2022

General practice pharmacists' implementation of advanced clinical assessment skills: a qualitative study of behavioural determinants.

Gordon F Rushworth, Tesnime Jebara, Antonella Pia Tonna, Ian Rudd, Fiona Stewart, Ronald MacVicar, Scott Cunningham

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Gordon F RushworthSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK. ext.rushworth1@rgu.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-6044
Tesnime JebaraSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
Antonella Pia TonnaSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
Ian RuddNHS Highland, Old Perth Road, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK.
Fiona StewartNHS Education for Scotland, 2 Central Quay, 89 Hydepark Street, Glasgow, G3 8BW, UK.
Ronald MacVicarHighland & Islands Pharmacy Education & Research, NHS Highland, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK.
Scott CunninghamSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
NHS Highland · GBRobert Gordon University · GBNHS Education for Scotland · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe role of General Practice Clinical Pharmacists is becoming more clinically complex. Some are undertaking courses to develop their skillsets.

aimTo explore potential behavioural determinants influencing the implementation of skills gained from Advanced Clinical Examination and Assessment courses by General Practice Clinical Pharmacists.

methodThis study used a qualitative methodology with theoretical underpinning. General Practice Clinical Pharmacists in the Scottish National Health Service, having completed an Advanced Clinical Examination and Assessment course, were invited for online dyadic (paired) interviews. Informed written consent was obtained. The interview schedule was developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework and piloted. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a framework analysis. Ethics approval was obtained.

resultsSeven dyadic interviews were conducted. These included fourteen pharmacist participants from eight Health Boards. Three main themes were identified: 1. Factors influencing implementation of advanced clinical skills by pharmacists; 2. Social and environmental influences affecting opportunities for pharmacists in advanced clinical roles; 3. Perceptions of pharmacist professional identity for advanced practice roles. Nine sub-themes provided a depth of insight including; participants reporting courses allowed clinically autonomous practice; participants shared frustration around social and environmental factors limiting implementation opportunities; participants expressed a need for clarification of professional identify/roles within current contractual mechanisms to allow them to fully implement the skills gained.

conclusionThis work identified numerous behavioural determinants related to implementation of advanced clinical skills by pharmacists in general practice. Policy, and review of implementation strategies are urgently required to best utilise pharmacists with these skills.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesGeneral PracticeAttitude of Health PersonnelClinical CompetenceHumansPharmacistsState MedicineAdvanced pharmacist practitionerAdvanced practiceBehavioursGeneral practicePharmacy

Identifiers

PMID36214937
PMCPMC9718702
OpenAlexW4303984895

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.