ArticleAnnals of general psychiatry2022
The effect of cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Annals of general psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Testing Theory-Enhanced Messaging to Promote COVID-19 Vaccination Among Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Trial
- The impact of COVID-19 on mental health in Eastern Iran: a comparative study during and after the pandemic.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Relationships among anxiety, psychological resilience, and physical activity in university students: variable-centred and person-centred perspectives.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Frontiers and hotspots in anxiety disorders: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2024.Heliyon · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe global spread of coronavirus has caused many physical and mental health problems throughout the world. Depression and anxiety are among the issues that people are experiencing abundantly, along with other mental health disorders, during this period. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is one of the approaches that is effective on improving most of the psychological issues including depression and anxiety. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of CBT on depression and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic period.
methodsEnglish databases such as Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Persian databases such as SID, MagIran and IranDoc were searched with a time limit of 2019 to 2022. Two researchers independently evaluated the quality of the entered studies based on Cochrane handbook. Subgroup analysis was conducted separately on the basis of being infected with coronavirus, not being infected with coronavirus, and having a history of depression or anxiety before the intervention and internet-based CBT for depression and anxiety. Meta-analysis results were reported using standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Heterogeneity of studies was analyzed by means of I
resultsTotally, 2015 articles were analyzed of which 11 articles entered meta-analysis. The overall results of meta-analysis showed that mean score of anxiety in the group receiving CBT was significantly lower than the control group (SMD: - 0.95, 95% CI - 1.29 to - 0.62; P < 0.00001, I
conclusionsMeta-analysis results showed that CBT reduced the mean scores of anxiety and depression significantly during COVID-19 pandemic period. Due to the low quality of evidence, conducting more randomized controlled trials with rigorous design is suggested. Prospero registration This systematic review has been registered in Prospero (ID: CRD42021277213).
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