Trial reportBMC medicine2022
A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in People With HIV: Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Interventions in the Era of Universal Test and Treat: A Hybrid Systematic-Narrative Literature Review of Global Evidence.AIDS and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of a WeChat-Based Hybrid Intervention on the Adaptation Outcomes of People Living With HIV/AIDS: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Digital, Crowdsourced, Multilevel Intervention to Promote HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Trial
- HIV infection disclosure, treatment self-efficacy and quality of life in HIV-infected MSM receiving antiretroviral therapy.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Factors influencing improved adherence and retention among men living with human immunodeficiency virus in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2026Article
- What are the key targets to improve quality of life among MSM living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy? A network analysis.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Medication literacy and treatment adherence in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: Mediating effects of psychosocial factors.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Enhancing HIV Cognitive Abilities and Self-Management Through Information Technology-Assisted Interventions: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Economic evaluation of short message service intervention for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men in China: a modelling study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of an HIV peer support precision matching platform: a randomized controlled trial protocol.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Co-Designing Digital Health Intervention for Monitoring Medication and Consultation Among Transgender People in Underserved Communities: Collaborative Approach.JMIR human factors · 2024Article
- Factors Affecting Virological Failure in Children Receiving First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopian Healthcare Facilities: A Retrospective Analysis.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2024Article
- Digital Intervention Services to Promote HIV Self-Testing and Linkage to Care Services: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis-Global Trends and Future Directions.Public health reviews · 2024Review
- HIV transmission and associated factors under the scale-up of HIV antiretroviral therapy: a population-based longitudinal molecular network study.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Analysis on epidemiological characters and HIV care continuum of HIV-infected students: a retrospective cohort study in Shandong province, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is still suboptimal among some key populations, highlighting the need for innovative tailored strategies. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to evaluate the effect of a differentiated digital intervention on ART adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in China.
methodsThe two-armed parallel RCT was conducted at one HIV clinic in Jinan of China from October 19, 2020, to June 31, 2021. Men were referred by health providers to join the study and then choose one of three digital strategies-text message, only instant message, or instant message plus social media. They were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention arm or control arm using block randomization, and inside each arm, there were three groups depending on the type of delivering the message. The groups were divided according to participants' preferred digital strategies. The intervention arm received ART medication messages, medication reminders, peer education, and involved in online discussion. The control arm received messages on health behavior and nutrition. The primary outcome was self-reported optimal ART adherence, defined as not missing any doses and not having any delayed doses within a one-month period. Secondary outcomes included CD4 T cell counts, viral suppression, HIV treatment adherence self-efficacy, and quality of life. Intention-to-treat analysis with generalized linear mixed models was used to evaluate the intervention's effect.
resultsA total of 576 participants were enrolled, including 288 participants assigned in the intervention arm and 288 assigned in the control arm. Most were ≤ 40 years old (79.9%) and initiated ART ≤ 3 years (60.4%). After intervention, the proportion of participants achieving optimal ART adherence in the intervention arm was higher than in the control arm (82.9% vs 71.1%). The differentiated digital intervention significantly improved ART adherence (RR = 1.74, 95%CI 1.21-2.50). Subgroup analysis showed one-to-one instant message-based intervention significantly improved ART adherence (RR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.39-4.17).
conclusionsThe differentiated digital intervention improved ART adherence among MSM living with HIV in China, which could be integrated into people living with HIV (PLWH) management and further promoted in areas where PLWH can access text messaging and instant messaging services.
trial registrationChiCTR2000041282. Retrospectively registered on 23 December 2020.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.