Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36209120›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2022

Healthcare resource utilization and costs among patients with heart failure with preserved, mildly reduced, and reduced ejection fraction in Spain.

Carlos Escobar, Beatriz Palacios, Luis Varela, Martín Gutiérrez, Mai Duong, Hungta Chen, Nahila Justo, Javier Cid-Ruzafa, Ignacio Hernández, Phillip R Hunt and 1 more

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Article in BMC health services research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Cost analysis of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction in Spain.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Carlos EscobarCardiology Department, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
Beatriz PalaciosAstraZeneca Farmaceutica, Madrid, Spain.
Luis VarelaAstraZeneca Farmaceutica, Madrid, Spain.
Martín GutiérrezAstraZeneca Farmaceutica, Madrid, Spain.
Mai DuongEvidera, London, UK.
Hungta ChenAstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Nahila JustoEvidera, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Stockholm, Sweden.
Javier Cid-RuzafaEvidera, Barcelona, Spain.
Ignacio HernándezAtrys Health, Barcelona, Spain.
Phillip R HuntAstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Juan F DelgadoCardiology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain. juan.delgado@salud.madrid.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo describe healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) of patients with heart failure with preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in Spain. 

methodsAdults with ≥ 1 HF diagnosis and ≥ 1 year of continuous enrolment before the corresponding index date (1/January/2016) were identified through the BIG-PAC database. Rate per 100 person-years of all-cause and HF-related HCRU during the year after the index date were estimated using bootstrapping with replacement.

resultsTwenty-one thousand two hundred ninety-seven patients were included, of whom 48.5% had HFrEF, 38.6% HFpEF and 4.2% HFmrEF, with the rest being of unknown EF. Mean age was 78.8 ± 11.8 years, 53.0% were men and 83.0% were in NYHA functional class II/III. At index, 67.3% of patients were taking renin angiotensin system inhibitors, 61.2% beta blockers, 23.4% aldosterone antagonists and 5.2% SGLT2 inhibitors. Rates of HF-related outpatient visits and hospitalization were 968.8 and 51.6 per 100 person-years, respectively. Overall, 31.23% of patients were hospitalized, mainly because of HF (87.88% of total hospitalizations); HF hospitalization length 21.06 ± 17.49 days (median 16; 25th, 75th percentile 9-27). HF hospitalizations were the main cost component: inpatient 73.64%, pharmacy 9.67%, outpatient 9.43%, and indirect cost 7.25%. Rates of all-cause and HF-related HCRU and healthcare cost were substantial across all HF subgroups, being higher among HFrEF compared to HFmrEF and HFpEF patients.

conclusionsHCRU and cost associated with HF are high in Spain, HF hospitalizations being the main determinant. Medication cost represented only a small proportion of total costs, suggesting that an optimization of HF therapy may reduce HF burden.

Indexed as

Heart FailureSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsPatient Acceptance of Health CarePrognosisSpainStroke VolumeMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCostHealthcare resource utilizationHeart failureHospitalizationSacubitril/valsartanSGLT2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID36209120
PMCPMC9547468

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.