ArticleJournal of digestive diseases2022
A prospective cohort study of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and liver cancer incidence in Chinese men.
Article in Journal of digestive diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lifestyle factors in hepatocellular carcinoma: From pathogenesis to prognosis.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- The impact of diabetes and social, biologic and behavioral determinants of health on liver cancer risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Liver Cancer Etiology: Old Issues and New Perspectives.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Occupational Benzene Exposure and Cancer Risk among Chinese Men: A Report from the Shanghai Men's Health Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Causal associations between platelet count, alcohol consumption, and the risk of liver hepatocellular carcinoma based on a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPopulation-based prospective studies on the associations of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and primary liver cancer remain limited in Mainland China. Our study was designed to evaluate such relationships in middle-aged Chinese men.
methodsSelf-reported habits of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were obtained from all cohort members at the baseline survey. The outcomes were identified through in-person follow-up and annual record linkage to multiple statistics of vital and cancer registration. Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated utilizing the Cox regression model.
resultsAfter a median follow-up of 12.31 years, 329 cases of incident primary liver cancer occurred among 45 266 male participants. Compared with never smoker, former smoker was positively associated with liver cancer risk, with a multivariable-adjusted HR of 1.42 (95% CI 1.02-1.98). Individuals who had smoked for more than 40 years had a 49% increased risk of liver cancer (HR
conclusionsOur study provided evidence that cigarette smoking was positively associated with an increased liver cancer risk among Chinese men. Attention to such non-viral modifiable risk factors to prevent liver cancer effectively is needed.
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