ArticleVirology2022
SARS-CoV-2 and influenza co-infection: A cross-sectional study in central Missouri during the 2021-2022 influenza season.
Article in Virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- The relative prevalence of the Omicron variant within SARS-CoV-2 infected cohorts in different countries: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Pooled it
- Resurgence of Influenza Following the Lifting of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions in Shenzhen, China.Journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Frequency and Demographic Patterns of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Infections in Khuzestan: A Retrospective Observational Study (2021-2023).Advances in virology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological and genomic surveillance of influenza A virus (pdm09 H1N1 and H3N2) strains from 2017 to 2025 in Tianjin, China.Virologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Review
- Epidemiology, Clinical Significance, and Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses and Their Co-Infections in the Post-COVID Era.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- [Autumn/winter 2024-2025 seasonal vaccination programme in Spain: an end to the collapse of the healthcare system?]Revista espanola de salud publica · 2025Article
- Human ACE2 transgenic pigs are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and develop COVID-19-like disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Performance evaluation of the Panbio COVID-19/Flu A&B Panel for detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, and influenza B antigens using mid-turbinate nasal swabs.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Cross-Sectional Survey of Factors Contributing to COVID-19 Testing Hesitancy Among US Adults at Risk of Severe Outcomes from COVID-19.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- The Detection of Influenza Virus Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Cameroon.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfections in the Tuscan population during the 2021/2022 influenza season.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Article
- Towards broad-spectrum protection: the development and challenges of combined respiratory virus vaccines.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in liver transplant recipients based on vaccination status.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Article
- Anti-Influenza Virus Activity ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Obesity Is Associated with an Impaired Baseline Repertoire of Anti-Influenza Virus Antibodies.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Review
- Vaccination against Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Spanish Adults: Practical Recommendations by the NeumoExperts Prevention Group.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses co-circulate, co-infections with these viruses generate an increasing concern to public health. To evaluate the prevalence and clinical impacts of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus co-infections during the 2021-2022 influenza season, SARS-CoV-2-positive samples from 462 individuals were collected from October 2021 to January 2022. Of these individuals, 152 tested positive for influenza, and the monthly co-infection rate ranged from 7.1% to 48%. Compared to the Delta variant, individuals infected with Omicron were less likely to be co-infected and hospitalized, and individuals who received influenza vaccines were less likely to become co-infected. Three individuals had two samples collected on different dates, and all three developed a co-infection after their initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study demonstrates high prevalence of co-infections in central Missouri during the 2021-2022 influenza season, differences in co-infection prevalence between the Delta and the Omicron waves, and the importance of influenza vaccinations against co-infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.