ArticleLearning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)2022
Spatial anxiety and self-confidence mediate sex/gender differences in mental rotation.
Article in Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gender stereotypes and the construction of self-beliefs in spatial cognition.Psychological research · 2026Article
- Cognitive Sex/Gender Differences and the Beliefs in Own Spatial Abilities.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- The Link Between Anxiety and Depression, and Balance in Young Adults.Audiology research · 2025Article
- Cognitive traits shape the brain activity associated with mental rotation.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Exercise mediates the sex differences in adult visuospatial cognitive ability.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Mental Rotation Performance: Contribution of Item Features to Difficulties and Functional Adaptation.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- "It's Different for Girls!" The Role of Anxiety, Physiological Arousal, and Subject Preferences in Primary School Children's Math and Mental Rotation Performance.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Perceptions of Skills Needed for STEM Jobs: Links to Academic Self-Concepts, Job Interests, Job Gender Stereotypes, and Spatial Ability in Young Adults.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- Individual differences in emerging adults' spatial abilities: What role do affective factors play?Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2024Article
- The impact of 17β-estradiol on the estrogen-deficient female brain: from mechanisms to therapy with hot flushes as target symptoms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- The inhibition of mirror generalization of letters in school-aged children.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A recent meta-synthesis study with a sample of >12 million participants revealed that the male advantage in mental rotation (MR) is the largest cognitive sex/gender difference found in psychological literature. MR requires test takers to mentally rotate three-dimensional cubic figures under time restrictions. Previous studies have investigated how biological and social factors contribute to cognitive sex/gender differences in tasks of this type. Spatial anxiety and self-confidence in MR tasks have received less attention. The present study investigated the contribution of these psychological factors to sex/gender differences in MR performance. Participants (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.