ArticleFood chemistry: X2022
Results of the BfR MEAL Study: Highest levels of retinol found in animal livers and of β-carotene in yellow-orange and green leafy vegetables.
Article in Food chemistry: X, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures in Foods: A Comprehensive Methodological and Regulatory Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Vitamin A concentration in bovine liver and milk does not only depend on characteristics of the farming system.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Germany's first Total Diet Study - Occurrence of non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in foods.Food chemistry: X · 2024Article
- How long can you store vitamins? Stability of tocopherols and tocotrienol during different storage conditions in broccoli and blueberries.Food chemistry: X · 2024Article
- Whey Protein Isolate-Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This Total Diet Study (TDS) provides representative data on substance levels in foods, prepared as typically consumed by the population in Germany for future dietary exposure assessment. Vitamin A is essential and must be obtained from the diet, either as preformed vitamin A or as provitamin A carotenoids. Levels of retinol and β-carotene were analysed in 333 and 271 foods, respectively. Highest mean retinol levels were found in cod liver (25,000 µg∙100 g
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.