ArticlePreventive medicine reports2022
Association between lifestyle and metabolic syndrome incidence of workers in northern Okinawa, Japan: A cohort study.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Every 1,000 steps matter: incremental reductions in metabolic syndrome risk in Japanese office workers.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Impact of Changes in Lifestyle and Psychological Factors on the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Follow-up of the Fukushima Health Management Survey.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Article
- Metabolic syndrome risk in adult coffee drinkers with the rs301 variant of the LPL gene.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Japan, specific health checkups were implemented to prevent metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases in April 2008. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between lifestyle factors and the MetS incidence to understand how the disease can be prevented and to improve the public health policy. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the specific health checkup data of 2,781 workers. Lifestyle factors were assessed using lifestyle-related items in the general health questionnaire included in the specific health checkups. The hazard ratio values for the incidence of MetS according to lifestyle-related items were determined from the data of the specific health checkup for 12 years. The Cox proportional hazard survival model was used to evaluate hazard ratio values after adjusting for confounding factors. The limitations of this research method are discussed using a target trial emulation framework which investigates problems such as biases in observational studies. The crude incidence rates per 1,000 person-years of MetS in women and men were 15.25 and 47.58, respectively. Three dietary lifestyle-related factors, namely "Eating snacks and sweet beverages other than breakfast, lunch, and dinner," "Eating faster than others," and "Skipping breakfast at least three times a week," were identified, with the hazard ratio values 1.262 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.032-1.542, p = 0.023), 1.220 (95 % CI 1.032-1.442, p = 0.020) and 1.189 (95 % CI 1.012-1.397, p = 0.036), respectively. These results suggest that lifestyle improvements related to extracted lifestyle-related items contribute to the prevention of MetS.
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