ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Complement and endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 patients compared to controls with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endotheliopathy in Acute COVID-19 and Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Galectins can serve as biomarkers in COVID-19: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19, the disease that changed the world.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2026Review
- Impact of complement system proteins on the clinical progression of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Assessing the endothelium's role in COVID-19 severity using the HUVEC model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- mRNA-LNP COVID-19 Vaccine Lipids Induce Complement Activation and Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines: Mechanisms, Effects of Complement Inhibitors, and Relevance to Adverse Reactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The influence of 4G/5G polymorphism in the plasminogen-activator-inhibitor-1 promoter on COVID-19 severity and endothelial dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Biomarker Signatures of Severe Acute Kidney Injury in a Critically Ill Cohort of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Illness.Critical care explorations · 2023Article
- Complement and COVID-19: Three years on, what we know, what we don't know, and what we ought to know.Immunobiology · 2023Review
- Review
- Persistence is key: unresolved immune dysfunction is lethal in both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular-related proteomic changes in ECFCs exposed to the serum of COVID-19 patients.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Thromboinflammation may influence disease outcome in COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate complement and endothelial cell activation in patients with confirmed COVID-19 compared to controls with clinically suspected but excluded SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: In a prospective, observational, single-center study, patients presenting with clinically suspected COVID-19 were recruited in the emergency department. Blood samples on presentation were obtained for analysis of C5a, sC5b-9, E-selectin, Galectin-3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Results: 153 cases and 166 controls (suffering mainly from non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infections, non-infectious inflammatory conditions and bacterial pneumonia) were included. Hospital admission occurred in 62% and 45% of cases and controls, respectively. C5a and VCAM-1 concentrations were significantly elevated and E-selectin concentrations decreased in COVID-19 out- and inpatients compared to the respective controls. However, relative differences in outpatients vs. inpatients in most biomarkers were comparable between cases and controls. Elevated concentrations of C5a, Galectin-3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on presentation were associated with the composite outcome of ICU- admission or 30-day mortality in COVID-19 and controls, yet more pronounced in COVID-19. C5a and sC5b-9 concentrations were significantly higher in COVID-19 males vs. females, which was not observed in the control group. Conclusions: Our data indicate an activation of the complement cascade and endothelium in COVID-19 beyond a nonspecific inflammatory trigger as observed in controls (i.e., "over"-activation).
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