ArticleNeurospine2022
A Review of Functional Restoration From Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury.
Article in Neurospine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06012110 (Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation for Spasticity in Patients With Primary Lateral Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation for Spasticity in Patients With Primary Lateral Sclerosis
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of device-based neuromodulation on the motor recovery of patients with spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2025Pooled it
- Strategies to Augment the Cardiovascular System and Acutely Enhance Exercise Performance in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Scoping Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Exoskeleton-based exercises for overground gait and balance rehabilitation in spinal cord injury: a systematic review of dose and dosage parameters.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Modulations in neural pathways excitability post transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation among individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Functional outcomes and participants' perspectives during short-term application of spinal stimulation in individuals with spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Trial
- Hypoglossal motor output is altered by C4 epidural electrical stimulation via ascending spinal and peripheral feedback pathways.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Surface circumferential spinal cord recording in freely moving rodents.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Spinal epidural electrical stimulation for the recovery of motor function in lower limbs after spinal cord injury: A pilot study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2026Article
- Spinal cord neuromodulation for autonomic recovery following spinal cord injury: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Evaluation and management of autonomic functions in patients with spinal cord injury: A scoping review.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2026Article
- A computational analysis of biophysical and geometric constraints refutes existing hypotheses of cross-excitation in dorsal root ganglia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Applications of Conductive Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury Repair.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Lumbar enlargement spinal cord stimulation for severe spasticity and motor function improvement after traumatic brain injury: a case report.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Overlapping mechanisms of epidural spinal cord stimulation for pain control and movement recovery.Current opinion in neurology · 2025Review
- Length relationships between vertebral column and spinal cord: differential contributions of the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral regions.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Study Protocol: Single-Blinded, Controlled, Clinical Trial Evaluating the Feasibility of Spinal Cord Stimulation for Improving Neuropathic Pain and Rehabilitation Outcomes in Patients With Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury.Neurosurgery practice · 2025Article
- Activity of spinal RORβ neurons is related to functional improvements following combination treatment after complete SCI.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Grid-based transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation: probing neuromodulatory effect in spinal flexion reflex circuits.Journal of neural engineering · 2025Article
- Global trends and hotspots of neuromodulation in spinal cord injury: a study based on bibliometric analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Improved Motor Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Following Spinal Cord Stimulation.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury often leads to loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic function below the level of injury. Recent advancements in spinal cord electrical stimulation (SCS) for spinal cord injury have provided potential avenues for restoration of neurologic function in affected patients. This review aims to assess the efficacy of spinal cord stimulation, both epidural (eSCS) and transcutaneous (tSCS), on the return of function in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. The current literature on human clinical eSCS and tSCS for spinal cord injury was reviewed. Seventy-one relevant studies were included for review, specifically examining changes in volitional movement, changes in muscle activity or spasticity, or return of cardiovascular pulmonary, or genitourinary autonomic function. The total participant sample comprised of 327 patients with spinal cord injury, each evaluated using different stimulation protocols, some for sensorimotor function and others for various autonomic functions. One hundred eight of 127 patients saw improvement in sensorimotor function, 51 of 70 patients saw improvement in autonomic genitourinary function, 32 of 32 patients saw improvement in autonomic pulmonary function, and 32 of 36 patients saw improvement in autonomic cardiovascular function. Although this review highlights SCS as a promising therapeutic neuromodulatory technique to improve rehabilitation in patients with SCI, further mechanistic studies and stimulus parameter optimization are necessary before clinical translation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.