ArticleMayo Clinic proceedings2022
Effectiveness of COVID-19 Booster on the Risk of Hospitalization Among Medicare Beneficiaries.
Article in Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness of Booster Doses Against Delta and Omicron Variants Over Follow-up Times Using Longitudinal Meta-analysis.Journal of research in health sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Social Vulnerability and Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes After COVID-19 Hospitalization: An Analysis of the American Heart Association COVID-19 Registry Linked With Medicare Claims Data.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- A Response to: A Letter to the Editor Regarding 'Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Older Adults: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE Framework'.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- Design and analysis heterogeneity in observational studies of COVID-19 booster effectiveness: A review and case study.Science advances · 2023Review
- The Effect of COVID-19 on Dual-Eligible Beneficiaries: A Scoping Review.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- Design and Analysis Heterogeneity in Observational Studies of COVID-19 Booster Effectiveness: A Review and Case Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the effectiveness of booster vaccinations on the risk of hospitalization with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and how it varies by enrollee characteristics and interval from the initial vaccination to receipt of a booster. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis cohort study used 100% Medicare claims from January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021, and matched 3,940,475 individuals who received boosters to 3,940,475 controls based on week and type of original COVID-19 vaccine and demographic and clinical characteristics. We compared the association of booster vs no booster with COVID-19 hospitalization using Cox proportional hazards regression models controlling for patient characteristics. We also determined the association of time from original vaccine to booster with COVID-19 hospitalization.
resultsOver a maximum of 130 days of follow-up, boosted enrollees had 8.20 (95% CI, 7.81 to 8.60) COVID-19 hospitalizations per million days vs 43.70 (95% CI, 42.79 to 44.64) for controls (81% effectiveness). Effectiveness varied by race, prior hospitalizations, and certain comorbidities, for example, leukemia/lymphoma (53% effectiveness), autoimmune disease (73%), and dementia (73%). Boosters received between 6 and 9 months after original vaccination varied between 81% and 85% effectiveness, while boosters received at 5 to 6 months (62%) or less than 5 months (58%) were less effective.
conclusionBoosters are highly effective in the Medicare population. Approximately 69,225 hospitalizations would be prevented by boosters in the 15 million individuals aged 65 years or older currently not boosted in a period similar to the September 2020 through January 2021 period studied. Boosters provided the greatest benefits if they were received between 6 and 9 months following original vaccinations. However, boosters were associated with substantial decreases in COVID-19 hospitalizations in all categories of enrollees.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.